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Biology

provided by Arkive
The Chilean mockingbird is most commonly encountered foraging on the forest floor, or in low-level vegetation, for insects and fruit (2). As observed by Charles Darwin during his visit to Chile, individuals of this species often have a dusting of yellow pollen around the bill, which is acquired while feeding on small beetles found inside flowers (4). The Chilean mockingbird plays a vital role in the life cycle of the parasitic mistletoe species Tristerix aphyllus by transferring seeds to the host plant, a cactus Echinopsis chilensis. After feeding on the berries, this species defecates on the cactus, where the seeds then germinate and grow into the cactus tissue, later producing flowers and more fruits (5). The Chilean mockingbird is also occasionally the victim of parasitism. The shiny cowbird, a brood parasite, lays its eggs in the Chilean mockingbird's nest (6), which are then unwittingly incubated and brooded by the Chilean mockingbird, often to the detriment of its own offspring (6) (7).
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Conservation

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With a relatively wide distribution and large population, specific conservation action is not currently required for the Chilean mockingbird (1).
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Description

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Although unremarkable in appearance, the Chilean mockingbird's song is considered to be the finest of any Chilean bird (3). The plumage is predominantly brownish-grey on the upperparts, with dark streaks on the head, neck and back. The underparts are paler brownish-grey, becoming dirty white on the belly and buff on the flanks, with elongated brown markings. Perhaps the most distinctive features of this species are the white stripe, which runs above the eye, and the dark streak directly below, as well as the white-tipped tail feathers. The impressive vocalisations of the Chilean mockingbird consist of variable notes and phrases, along with the mimicked songs of other bird species (2).
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Habitat

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The Chilean mockingbird occupies a broad range of habitats, including semi-desert; lowland, succulent coastal scrub; savanna bushland; and dense evergreen mattoral, where it is most abundant (2).
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Range

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The Chilean mockingbird is endemic to central Chile (2).
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Status

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Classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List (1).
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Threats

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There are no major threats to the Chilean mockingbird at present (1).
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Distribution ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Chile Central
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Universidad de Santiago de Chile
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Pablo Gutierrez
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Comprehensive Description

provided by Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology
Mimus thenca (Molina)

To the 3 earlier recorded instances (Friedmann, 1929:110; 1934:544) of parasitism on this host in Chile, may be added 3 more from that country, all presently in the collections of the Western Foundation, all collected by J. D. Goodall, near Santiago (2 at Manquehue, 1 and 2 December 1967, and 1 at Fundo La Montaña on the road between Santiago and Colina, 20 October 1968).

CHALK-BROWED MOCKINGBIRD
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bibliographic citation
Friedmann, Herbert, Kiff, Lloyd F., and Rothstein, Stephen I. 1977. "A further contribution of knowledge of the host relations of the parasitic cowbirds." Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 1-75. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.235

Mimus thenca ( Asturian )

provided by wikipedia AST
Map marker icon – Nicolas Mollet – Birds – Nature – white.png Les especies d'aves con nome común en llingua asturiana márquense como NOA. En casu contrariu, conséñase'l nome científicu o de la SEO.

'''Mimus thenca ye una especie d'ave en de la familia Mimidae.[1] Habita en Chile, y n'árees colindantes d'Arxentina, especialmente nel noroeste de la provincia de Neuquén.

El so hábitat natural correspuende a les carbes y zones montiegues degradaes. Un exemplu de parrotales secos dar nel Parque Nacional La Campana[2]

Descripción

Tien un llargor d'unos 28 cm[1]. Similar al malvís tocantes a tamañu, la tenca ye más delgada y cola cola más llarga.

El plumaxe ye gris-pardu. Presenta una llinia superciliar blanca. Nun esiste dimorfismu sexual.

El so cantar ye ellaboráu, asonsañando a otres aves como la diuca, chincol, chercán, tordu, ente otres.

Referencies

  1. BirdLife International. 2004
  2. C. Michael Hogan. 2008

Enllaces esternos

Protonotaria-citrea-002 edit.jpg Esta páxina forma parte del wikiproyeutu Aves, un esfuerciu collaborativu col fin d'ameyorar y organizar tolos conteníos rellacionaos con esti tema. Visita la páxina d'alderique del proyeutu pa collaborar y facer entrugues o suxerencies.
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Mimus thenca: Brief Summary ( Asturian )

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Mimus thenca Map marker icon – Nicolas Mollet – Birds – Nature – white.png Les especies d'aves con nome común en llingua asturiana márquense como NOA. En casu contrariu, conséñase'l nome científicu o de la SEO.

'''Mimus thenca ye una especie d'ave en de la familia Mimidae. Habita en Chile, y n'árees colindantes d'Arxentina, especialmente nel noroeste de la provincia de Neuquén.

El so hábitat natural correspuende a les carbes y zones montiegues degradaes. Un exemplu de parrotales secos dar nel Parque Nacional La Campana

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Gwatwarwr Chile ( Welsh )

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Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Gwatwarwr Chile (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: gwatwarwyr Chile) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Mimus thenca; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Chilean mockingbird. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Gwatwarwyr (Lladin: Mimidae) sydd yn urdd y Passeriformes.[1]

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn M. thenca, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2] Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yn Ne America.

Teulu

Mae'r gwatwarwr Chile yn perthyn i deulu'r Gwatwarwyr (Lladin: Mimidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:

Rhestr Wicidata:

rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Cathaderyn du Melanoptila glabrirostris Cathaderyn llwyd Dumetella carolinensis
Dumetella carolinensis -Brendan T. Byrne State Forest, New Jersey, USA-8.jpg
Crynwr brown Cinclocerthia ruficauda
Cinclocerthia ruficauda - Guadeloupe.JPG
Gwatwarwr cefnwinau Mimus dorsalis
Mimus dorsalis 1847.jpg
Gwatwarwr glas Melanotis caerulescens
Blue Mockingbird.jpg
Gwatwarwr y Gogledd Mimus polyglottos
Mimus polyglottos -Krendle Woods, Cary, North Carolina, USA-8.jpg
Gwatwarwr y paith Mimus patagonicus
CalandriaAr.jpg
Tresglen Cozumel Toxostoma guttatum
Naturalis Biodiversity Center - RMNH.AVES.128765 1 - Toxostoma guttatum (Ridgway, 1885) - Mimidae - bird skin specimen.jpeg
Tresglen grymbig Toxostoma curvirostre
Curve-billed Thrasher.jpg
Tresglen gynffonhir Toxostoma rufum
Toxostoma rufum -Garland, Texas, USA-8.jpg
Tresglen hirbig Toxostoma longirostre
Toxostoma longirostre -Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Texas, USA-8.jpg
Tresglen saets Oreoscoptes montanus
Oreoscoptes montanus Sandy Hook NJ.jpg
Tresglen Sorocco Mimus graysoni
Mimus graysoni (Museum de Genève).jpg
Diwedd y rhestr a gynhyrchwyd yn otomatig o Wicidata.

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

  1. Gwefan Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd; adalwyd 30 Medi 2016.
  2. Gwefan Avibase; adalwyd 3 Hydref 2016.
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Gwatwarwr Chile: Brief Summary ( Welsh )

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Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Gwatwarwr Chile (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: gwatwarwyr Chile) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Mimus thenca; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Chilean mockingbird. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Gwatwarwyr (Lladin: Mimidae) sydd yn urdd y Passeriformes.

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn M. thenca, sef enw'r rhywogaeth. Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yn Ne America.

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Chilean mockingbird

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The Chilean mockingbird (Mimus thenca), locally known as tenca[2], is a species of bird in the family Mimidae. It primarily inhabits Chile's northern half, though there are sightings in Argentina.[3]

Taxonomy and systematics

The Chilean mockingbird is monotypic.[3]

Description

At Parque Juan Pablo II, Santiago, Chile

The Chilean mockingbird is 28 to 29 cm (11 to 11 in) long and weighs 66 g (2.3 oz). The male is somewhat larger than the female. Adults have a wide whitish supercilium . Their crown, neck, and back are brownish gray with darker streaks and their rump browner. The wings and tail are blackish. The wings show two narrow bars when folded. The outermost tail feathers have white edges and most of the others have white tips. The throat is whitish, the chest brownish gray, the belly dirty white, and the flanks buffy with blackish streaks. The juvenile is similar but more buffy below with more streaks.[4]

Distribution and habitat

The Chilean mockingbird is found in Chile from Copiapó Province in the Atacama Region south to Los Lagos, Puerto Montt, and Chiloé Island. A small population also exists in Neuquén Province, Argentina.[4][2]

The Chilean mockingbird inhabits a wide variety of biomes, most of which are characterized by scrub, shrubs, or widely spaced trees. Examples include succulent coastal scrub, inland savanna bushland, and evergreen Chilean matorral. It also occurs at the edges of low relict woodland patches such as those in Bosque de Fray Jorge National Park and in disturbed habitats, though only rarely in urban areas. It shuns Nothofagus and Cryptocarya woodlands in the south and plantations of introduced pines in central Chile. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 2,200 m (7,200 ft).[4]

Behavior

Feeding

The Chilean mockingbird forages mainly on the ground, turning over leaf litter and digging under fallen branches and around plant stems. It also hunts in vegetation up to 3 m (9.8 ft) above ground. It is omnivorous; it has been documented feeding on insects, wild and cultivated fruits, nectar, and a small lizard.[4]

Breeding

The Chilean mockingbird nests mainly in October and November. They are territorial, probably throughout the year. Their nest is a cup made of twigs lined with moss or wool, placed low in vegetion such as cacti and thorny bushes. The clutch size is two to four. The nest is often parasitized by shiny cowbirds (Molothrus bonariensis).[4]

Vocalization

The Chilean mockingbird sings year round, "a series of sweet, variable notes and phrases". It is an "excellent mimic of other bird species."[4]

Status

The IUCN has assessed the Chilean mockingbird as being of Least Concern.[1] Though it has a somewhat restricted range, it is common within it and there are no known threats to its population.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b BirdLife International (2018). "Chilean mockingbird Mimus thenca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Tenca (Mimus thenca)". Retrieved July 21, 2021.
  3. ^ a b Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P. (July 2021). "IOC World Bird List (v 11.2)". Retrieved July 14, 2021.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Cody, M. L. (2020). Chilean Mockingbird (Mimus thenca), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.chimoc1.01 retrieved July 21, 2021

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Chilean mockingbird: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

The Chilean mockingbird (Mimus thenca), locally known as tenca, is a species of bird in the family Mimidae. It primarily inhabits Chile's northern half, though there are sightings in Argentina.

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Mimus thenca ( Spanish; Castilian )

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La tenca o sinsonte tenca (Mimus thenca) también llamada trenca o pájaro pantónimo es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Mimidae.[2]​ Habita en Chile desde Copiapó hasta la Isla de Chiloé, y en áreas colindantes de Argentina, especialmente en el noroeste de la provincia de Neuquén.

Su hábitat natural corresponde a los matorrales y zonas boscosas degradadas o poco densas. También en matorral costero y precordillerano, así como también en áreas agrícolas y en algunas ocasiones zonas urbanas. Un ejemplo de arbustos secos se da en el parque nacional La Campana[3]

Descripción

Posee una longitud de unos 28 cm[1]. Similar al zorzal en cuanto a tamaño, la tenca es más delgada y con la cola más larga.

El plumaje es gris-pardo. Presenta una línea superciliar blanca. No existe dimorfismo sexual.

 src=
Tenca en Cartagena, V Región, Chile

Su canto es elaborado, imitando a otras aves como la diuca, chincol, chercán, tordo, entre otras.

Cabe agregar que son aves muy juguetonas y curiosas.

Referencias

  1. Molina, J. I. (1782). «Saggio sulla storia naturale de Chili». Disponible en Biblioteca Digital - Real Jardín Botánico - CSIC (en italiano). 367 pp. (Boloña: Stamperia di S. Tomaso d'Aquino). p. 250.
  2. BirdLife International. 2004
  3. C. Michael Hogan. 2008

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Mimus thenca: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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La tenca o sinsonte tenca (Mimus thenca) también llamada trenca o pájaro pantónimo es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Mimidae.​ Habita en Chile desde Copiapó hasta la Isla de Chiloé, y en áreas colindantes de Argentina, especialmente en el noroeste de la provincia de Neuquén.

Su hábitat natural corresponde a los matorrales y zonas boscosas degradadas o poco densas. También en matorral costero y precordillerano, así como también en áreas agrícolas y en algunas ocasiones zonas urbanas. Un ejemplo de arbustos secos se da en el parque nacional La Campana

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Mimus thenca ( Basque )

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Mimus thenca Mimus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Mimidae familian sailkatua dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)BirdLife International (2012) Species factsheet. www.birdlife.org webgunetitik jaitsia 2012/05/07an
  2. (Ingelesez) IOC Master List

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Mimus thenca: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Mimus thenca Mimus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Mimidae familian sailkatua dago.

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Chilenmatkija ( Finnish )

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Chilenmatkija (Mimus thenca)[2] on matkijoiden heimoon kuuluva varpuslintu.

Levinneisyys

Chilenmatkijaa tavataan Chilessä ja Argentiinassa. Lajia on kuvattu melko yleiseksi, ja sen kannankehitys on vakaa. Se on luokiteltu elinvoimaiseksi.[1]

Lähteet

  1. a b c Mimus thenca IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Iucnredlist.org. (englanniksi)
  2. Väisänen, R. A.; Högmander, H.; Björklund, H.; Hänninen, L.; Lammin-Soila, M.; Lokki, J. & Rauste, V.: Maailman lintujen suomenkieliset nimet. 2., uudistettu painos. Helsinki: BirdLife Suomi ry, 2006. Teoksen verkkoversio.
Tämä lintuihin liittyvä artikkeli on tynkä. Voit auttaa Wikipediaa laajentamalla artikkelia.
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Chilenmatkija: Brief Summary ( Finnish )

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Chilenmatkija (Mimus thenca) on matkijoiden heimoon kuuluva varpuslintu.

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Moqueur du Chili ( French )

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Mimus thenca

Le Moqueur du Chili (Mimus thenca) est une espèce de passereau appartenant à la famille des Mimidae.

Répartition et habitat

Mimus thenca 1847.jpg

Cet oiseau est endémique au Chili.

Cette espèce peuple les zones de broussailles sèches et les forêts primaires fortement dégradées.

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Moqueur du Chili: Brief Summary ( French )

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Mimus thenca

Le Moqueur du Chili (Mimus thenca) est une espèce de passereau appartenant à la famille des Mimidae.

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Chileense spotlijster ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Vogels

De Chileense spotlijster (Mimus thenca) is een zangvogel uit de familie spotlijsters (Mimidae).

Evolutietheorie van Darwin

Tijdens het tweede bezoek van Charles Darwin aan de Galapagoseilanden van september tot oktober 1935, viel het de bioloog op dat de Chileense spotlijsters op elk eiland verschillend waren, en erg leken op de spotlijsters op het vasteland. Toen hij dit bijna een jaar later in zijn reisverslag verwerkte, speculeerde hij dat dit, samen met wat hij van lokale vissers had gehoord over de Galapagosreuzenschildpad, in tegenspraak was met onveranderlijkheid van soorten in de natuur. Deze observatie lag aan de basis van zijn evolutietheorie.

Verspreiding

Deze soort komt algemeen voor in droge gebieden van Chili en Argentinië.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Chileense spotlijster: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De Chileense spotlijster (Mimus thenca) is een zangvogel uit de familie spotlijsters (Mimidae).

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Mimus thenca ( Portuguese )

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Mimus thenca (conhecida apenas como Tenca) é uma espécie de ave da família Mimidae. É endémica do Chile. Os seus habitats naturais são: matagal árido tropical ou subtropical e florestas secundárias altamente degradadas.[1]

Referências

  1. a b BirdLife International (2004). Mimus thenca (em inglês). IUCN 2006. Lista Vermelha de Espécies Ameaçadas da IUCN de 2006 . Página visitada em 06.11.2007.
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Mimus thenca: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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Mimus thenca (conhecida apenas como Tenca) é uma espécie de ave da família Mimidae. É endémica do Chile. Os seus habitats naturais são: matagal árido tropical ou subtropical e florestas secundárias altamente degradadas.

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Chilehärmtrast ( Swedish )

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Chilehärmtrast[2] (Mimus thenca) är en fågel i familjen härmtrastar inom ordningen tättingar.[3] Fågeln förekommer utefter kusten i Chile från Atacama till Provincia de Valdivia.[3] IUCN kategoriserar arten som livskraftig.[1]

Fågeln finns på chilenska frimärken i valören 160 CLP[4].

Noter

  1. ^ [a b] Birdlife International 2012 Mimus thenca Från: IUCN 2015. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.4 www.iucnredlist.org. Läst 2016-02-01.
  2. ^ Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2015) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter Arkiverad 18 oktober 2014 hämtat från the Wayback Machine., läst 2015-03-01
  3. ^ [a b] Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2015) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 2015 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download, läst 2015-08-11
  4. ^ ”Stamps showing Chilean Mockingbird Mimus thenca”. Stamps showing Chilean Mockingbird Mimus thenca. birdtheme.org. http://www.birdtheme.org/mainlyimages/index.php?spec=3167&oneeach=2. Läst 24 mars 2012.

Externa länkar

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Chilehärmtrast: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

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Chilehärmtrast (Mimus thenca) är en fågel i familjen härmtrastar inom ordningen tättingar. Fågeln förekommer utefter kusten i Chile från Atacama till Provincia de Valdivia. IUCN kategoriserar arten som livskraftig.

Fågeln finns på chilenska frimärken i valören 160 CLP.

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Пересмішник чилійський ( Ukrainian )

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  1. Фесенко Г. В. Вітчизняна номенклатура птахів світу. — Кривий Ріг : ДІОНАТ, 2018. — 580 с. — ISBN 978-617-7553-34-1.
  2. American Ornithologists' Union, changes since 2005
Птах Це незавершена стаття з орнітології.
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Mimus thenca ( Vietnamese )

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Mimus thenca là một loài chim trong họ Mimidae.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, and D. Roberson (2012). “The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.7.”. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 12 năm 2012.

Tham khảo


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Mimus thenca: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Mimus thenca là một loài chim trong họ Mimidae.

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