Fissidens anomalus Montagne 1842

Plants green to brownish, in densely gregarious tufts. Leafy stems simple or branched, 14–50 mm long, 4.5–5.3 mm wide; axillary hyaline nodules not differentiated; central strand differentiated. Leaves in 15–53 pairs, the lowest ones smaller, upper leaves much larger and more densely arranged; middle and upper leaves narrowly lanceolate, 3.1–3.7 mm × 0.7–0.8 mm, distinctly crispate when dry, narrowly acute at apex; base of dorsal laminae rounded, rarely short-decurrent; vaginant laminae 1/2– 3/5 the leaf length, equal or slightly unequal; costa stout, excurrent; margins irregularly dentate near leaf apex, finely crenulate to serrulate throughout, bordered by a lighter colored band of 1–3 rows of incrassate, smooth, paler cells, 1 cell thick; cells of apical and dorsal laminae quadrate, rounded to irregularly hexagonal, with thickened corners, 7–11 µm long, distinctly mammillose and obscure; apical laminae 1 cell thick; cells of vaginant laminae similar to those of apical and dorsal laminae, but less mammillose and larger, with thicker walls toward the base near costa. Phyllodioicous. Male plants small, 0.9–1.1 mm long, growing from vaginant laminae of female plants; stem leaves small, ca. 0.5 mm long, indistinctly bordered by a light-colored band of 1 row of cells; costa ending far below apex. Male inflorescences terminal on stems or on short basal branches. Female inflorescences axillary. Perichaetial leaves ovate-lanceolate to subulate-lanceolate, ca. 0.9 mm long. Archegonia 280–370 µm long. Setae short, 1.5–2.0 mm long, smooth; capsules erect, symmetric; urns 0.7–1.0 mm long; exothecial cells oblong, with thickened vertical walls and thinner transverse walls; opercula long rostrate, 0.5–0.8 mm long; peristome teeth 0.3–0.5 long, 88–98 µm wide at the base. Calyptrae campanulate, ca. 1.3 mm long.

Distribution: China, Nepal, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, and the Philippines.

Habitat: mostly on rocks, rarely on trees or on soil.