Porifera

Barrel sponge (Xestospongia muta)--these sponges may live for 100 years and grow to over 18 meters tallFrom NOAA-Ocean Explorer website:"The barrel sponge (Xestospongia muta) may live for 100 years and grow to over 6 ft (18.m) tall. While populations have declined at sites throughout the Caribbean, they appear to be quite healthy on Little Cayman Island."

Description: Antho dichotoma Item Type: Image Title: Sponge Antho dichotoma Copyright: Serpent Project Species: Antho dichotoma Behaviour: Attached to seafloor Site: Atlantic -- North Sea -- West of Shetland -- SchiehallionNorth Sea -- West of Shetland -- Schiehallion Site Description: Seafloor Depth (m): 450 Latitude: 60 deg 20' 03" N Longitude: 4 deg 05' 56" W Countries: UK -- West of Shetland Habitat: Temperate Gravel and Sand Rig: Regalia Project Partners: Transocean, Subsea 7, BP ROV: Centurion 30 Deposited By: Rob Curry Deposited On: 13 March 2007

Description: Hexactinellid sponge, possibly Monorhaphis sp. with a brisingid sea star on it. Item Type: Image Title: Monorhaphis sp Copyright: SERPENT Species: Monorhaphis Site: Indian -- Indian Ocean -- East Africa -- Zafarani Depth (m): 2601 Countries: East Africa -- Tanzania Habitat: Benthic Rig: Ocean Rig Poseidon Project Partners: Statoil, Oceaneering ROV: Millenium 93 and 73 Deposited By: Dr Andrew Gates Deposited On: 19 April 2012

Coral Sea, Duration 12 seconds

South Pacific Ocean, Duration 10 seconds

Coral Sea, Duration 12 seconds

Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Duration 4 seconds

Xestospongia testudinaria is not the primary subject of the video clip; the primary subject is Lauriea siagiani (Hairy squat lobster). Coral Sea, Duration 15 seconds

Lendrup S.f. Løgstør, Danmark

Vandet Sø, Thy, Danmark

Figure 3. Anoxycalyx joubini on the gangplank at Hut Point, McMurdo Station.The same gangplank with A. joubini in 2010.Source: Dayton PK, Kim S, Jarrell SC, Oliver JS, Hammerstrom K, et al. (2013) Recruitment, Growth and Mortality of an Antarctic Hexactinellid Sponge, Anoxycalyx joubini. PLoS ONE 8(2): e56939. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056939

Ventriculites simplex, Toulmin Smith.

Coelosphaera tubifex, Wyville Thomson.

Hippospongia canaliculata, var. gossypina.

Hippospongia equina, var. meandriformis.

Reniera tubifera. Whole sponge.

[Sponges : Stylohalina conica].

Hyalonema toxeres (partie superieure). Hyalonema toxeres (partie inferieure). 2,400 metres de profondeur

Figure 2. Indiella gen.n. ridgenensis sp.n. A view from the dermal side B view from the atrial side; (i) holotype, (ii) to (iv) paratypes

Figure 4.Cyamon amphipolyactinum sp. n., holotype ZMA Por. 22412, A shape (arrow) encrusting a fragment of sandstone (scale 1 cm) B long thin style B1 details of apices of long thin style C short thin style C1 details of apices of short thin style D short thick styles showing size variation D1 detail of head of short thick style E polyactines (three-, four-, five-, and seven-claded) and one amphipolyactine showing size differences E1 detail of bulbous end of lateral cladus F amphipolyactines full-grown and spined (left) next to incipient smooth spicule (right).

Figure 11Dysidea tupha. a specimen with typical cylindrical processes and finely, irregularly conulose surface; b, c views of the skeleton with fibres variably charged of mineral detritus (LM).

Figure 3.Placospongia anthosigma holotype (NSMT-Po R288) A type specimen (image taken from website database of the Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, Japan) B selenaster C large tylostyle (head and blunt end) D spheraster E spirasters referred to as ‘anthosigma’ by Tanita & Hoshino (1989).

Figure 4.Cliona burtoni. A–C Tylostyle heads D–L Spirasters of various shape and thickness.