There was no information found that was published on the role of P. duprasi in the ecosystem. However, since these animals are fossorial, they may act as aerators for the desert soil. Fat-tailed gerbils most likely serve as a prey species for birds. They probably impact insect and plant populations upon which they prey.
Ecosystem Impact: soil aeration
Predation upon P. duprasi has not been well documented. An anti-predator adaptation may be the fossorial behavior of this species. Also, this rodent's light-colored fur may act as a camouflage mechanism with the desert soil color.
Anti-predator Adaptations: cryptic
Fat-tailed gerbils have fur that is long and fluffy. These gerbils are described as having a round body with fairly large, oval-shaped eyes and pink ears that are positioned low on the head. The main color of their fur varies between gray and tan with dorsal hairs sometimes tipped with black. Coloration of fur varies with subspecies in different ranges. The hairs of the underside and feet are white. The palms and soles of their feet are partly haired and their ears are sparsely haired. The tails of these animals are notable and different from that of other gerbils. The tails are shorter than their heads and bodies, are thick and club-shaped, and lack brush hairs. These tails function in storing fat and water. The general health of a specimen is determined by the thickness of the tail, for if the tail is skinny, it is proposed that the animal may not be getting enough food and nutrients. The average adult head and body length is approximately 108 mm; tail 58 mm; foot 23 mm; ear 14 mm; occipitonasal length 34 mm; and weight 36.5 g.
The cranial characteristics of fat-tailed gerbils include an elongate skull with enormously inflated auditory bullae. The external auditory meatus is swollen. A large suprameatal triangle is an excellent identifying characteristic for P. duprasi. The meatal lip of fat-tailed gerbils is swollen as well, and an accessory tympanum is present. The zygomatic process of this rodent is complete but the supraorbital ridge is noted to be poorly developed.
The teeth of fat-tailed gerbils are comprised of upper incisors, which are grooved on the anterior surface. Molars are rooted and the first upper and lower molar in juveniles appear to be tuberculate, becoming laminate in adults. The second upper and lower molars show no evidence of tubercles. The third molars of this rodent are simple, lacking folds. The enamel pattern is similar to that of Meriones crassus rather than Gerbillus.
Average mass: 36.5 g.
Average length: 108 mm.
Sexual Dimorphism: sexes alike
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry
Average mass: 40 g.
Captive specimens of the fat-tailed gerbil have a life span between 5 and 7 years. It is likely that wild individuals so not live so long. The age of P. duprasi may be determined by how worn the molars are and the closing of the skull sutures.
Range lifespan
Status: captivity: 7 (high) years.
Typical lifespan
Status: captivity: 5 to 7 years.
Fat-tailed gerbils are found in sand sheets that are graced with vegetation. They occur south of the western Mediterranean coastal desert, sometimes in rocky deserts. Often their habitat is compared to what Ranck (1968) describes as "transitional deserts which run roughly parallel to the more lush coastal plains". They live in burrows down to 1 meter in depth. These gerbils are known to occupy burrows of other rodents as well.
Habitat Regions: temperate ; terrestrial
Terrestrial Biomes: desert or dune
The natural distribution of fat-tailed gerbils, Pachyuromys duprasi, is the northern portion of desert west of the Nile Delta in Egypt. This rodent also extends into Libya, Tunisia, and Algeria.
Biogeographic Regions: palearctic (Native )
Fat-tailed gerbils are mostly insectivorous. In the wild, researchers have also observed these animals feeding on plants of Anabasis articulata and Artemisia monosperma. In captivity, these rodents are fed meal worms, crickets, beetles, grain, various vegetables, Gerbil Mix, and even chopped meat.
Animal Foods: insects; terrestrial worms
Plant Foods: leaves; seeds, grains, and nuts
Primary Diet: herbivore (Granivore )
Fat-tailed gerbils are an increasingly popular house pet for humans. They are docile, easy to care for, and they tend to get along well with other gerbils. People that own fat-tailed gerbils as pets claim that they are very cute and fun to play with.
Positive Impacts: pet trade
There was no information found on the adverse affects of P. duprasi on humans. However, escaped captive fat-tailed gerbils may become established in new areas and compete with native wildlife. Fat-tailed gerbils, similar to other species of rodents, may serve as disease vectors. This gerbil may also pose a "threat" to humans, for they occasionally bite, although it is difficult to imagine such a small animal inflicting much damage through a bite.
Negative Impacts: injures humans (bites or stings, carries human disease); causes or carries domestic animal disease
Fat-tailed gerbils are not listed by IUCN or CITES.
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: no special status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern
The males of P. duprasi have scent glands on their stomachs to mark territories. Tactile and visual communication are important, especially during mating, when a form of sparring occurs between males and females. Vocalizations are also involved.
Communication Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical
Other Communication Modes: scent marks
Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; vibrations ; chemical
Most information is based on the subspecies found in Egypt, P. d. natronensis.
The mating system of wild fat-tailed gerbils was not found in the lieterature examined here. In captivity, the mating ritual of fat-tailed gerbils is particularly unusual. Apparently, males and females stand on their hind legs and wrestle while making shrieking noises. This mating ritual is often mistaken for fighting.
The gestation period for P. duprasi is between 19 to 22 days. In captivity litters between 3 and 9 young were born during the months of April though November. Pups are weaned at around 3 to 4 weeks of age.
Breeding interval: Fat-tailed gerbils can breed up to three times a year.
Breeding season: In captivity, breeding occurs between April and November.
Range number of offspring: 3 to 9.
Range gestation period: 19 to 22 days.
Range weaning age: 3 to 4 weeks.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 3 to 6 months.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 3 to 6 months.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization ; viviparous
Average number of offspring: 4.5.
Young are altricial. At birth, they are blind, naked, and vulnerable. Mothers care for their offspring, in some type of nest, probably in a burrow, until they are able to fend for themselves. Fat-tailed gerbil pups are weaned at around 3 to 4 weeks of age. The role of the male in parental care has not been noted.
Parental Investment: no parental involvement; altricial ; pre-fertilization (Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-independence (Protecting: Female)
Narrow (Mediterranean coast and Western Desert).
Native, resident.
The fat-tailed gerbil (Pachyuromys duprasi), also called the duprasi gerbil or doop, is a rodent belonging to the subfamily Gerbillinae. It is the only member of the genus Pachyuromys. They are frequently kept as pets.
Other common English names are: fat-tailed jird, fat-tailed rat, and beer mat gerbil.[2][3]
The fat-tailed gerbil is a medium-sized gerbil. Its body length is about 10 cm (3.9 in), with a tail length of about 5 cm (2.0 in). The hair at the back and the head is yellow-coloured, with a dark grey base and a small black tip. The belly is white. Fat-tailed gerbils weigh between 22 and 45 grams (0.78 and 1.59 oz) in the wild,[4] but in captivity can weigh between 55 and 82 grams (1.9 and 2.9 oz).[5] Their body is round and somewhat flattened. They have no clear neck and a very sharp face, with large oval-shaped black eyes. They look similar to a dwarf hamster, but unlike a hamster they have a pointed snout and a fat, almost bald, club-shaped tail. The fat-tailed gerbil stores fat in its tail in the same way that the camel stores fat in its hump.
Captive specimens of the fat-tailed gerbil have an average life span of between 2 and 4 years.[6]
The French zoologist Fernand Lataste first described Pachyuromys duprasi in 1880 in Laghouat, Algeria in Le Naturaliste.
Fat-tailed gerbils are native to the Northern Sahara (North-western Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, and Algeria). There they live in sparsely vegetated sand sheets or rocky deserts. In the wild, fat-tailed gerbils live in simple burrows about one meter deep, in hard sandy soil. They may also occupy other species' burrows.[7]
Fat-tailed gerbils are mostly insectivorous in the wild, but will eat also a variety of plants.[7] In captivity, they are kept on a basic rodent mix, and are fond of mealworms, crickets, moths, and almost any other insect, even beetles. They can also be given some vegetables and fruit, like carrots, cauliflower, chicory, and apples.
Wild fat-tailed gerbils are solitary animals, and sometimes live in colonies. In the wild, fat-tailed gerbils become active at dusk and this is the same in captivity - although they can sometimes appear to be diurnal.[7] When they fight, they shriek loudly and bite each other's tails.[8] The mating ritual of the fat-tailed gerbil may also be confused with fighting.
Fat-tailed gerbils, like most other rodents, have scent glands on their stomach and engage in marking their territory by stretching out and rubbing their bellies on the ground and furnishings.
Fat-tailed gerbils sexually mature when they are around two months old, and the gestation period is 19 to 21 days. Their average litter size is three to six, and the pups are weaned at three to four weeks.
The fat-tailed gerbil (Pachyuromys duprasi), also called the duprasi gerbil or doop, is a rodent belonging to the subfamily Gerbillinae. It is the only member of the genus Pachyuromys. They are frequently kept as pets.
Other common English names are: fat-tailed jird, fat-tailed rat, and beer mat gerbil.
