dcsimg
 
  en  
names in breadcrumbs
Creatures » … » Animal » … » Vertebrates » … » Amphibians » Frogs And Toads » … » Shield Toads » …

Brachycephalus toby Haddad, Alves, Clemente-Carvalho & Reis 2010

Scientific Names

Preferred Names

Brachycephalus toby Haddad, Alves, Clemente-Carvalho & Reis 2010
Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022
Reference taxon from Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Brachycephalus toby
Species recognized by NCBI
Brachycephalus toby Haddad, Alves, Clemente-Carvalho & Reis 2010
Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1, EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1, Frost Darrel R 2018 Amphibian Species of the World, and GBIF national node type records Brazil
Brachycephalus toby
Species recognized by wikidata_hierarchy tar gz, wikipedia ES, wikipedia PT, and wikipedia FR
Brachycephalus toby Haddad, Alves, Clemente-Carvalho & Reis 2010
Species recognized by Catalogue of Life 7 February 2023, iNaturalist, Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Hierarchy, and Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2 - Test

Common Names

There are no common names associated with this taxon.

Curated hierarchies for Brachycephalus toby Haddad, Alves, Clemente-Carvalho & Reis 2010

EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Life
Cellular Organisms
Eukaryota
Opisthokonta
Metazoa
Bilateria
Deuterostomia
Chordata
Vertebrata
Gnathostomata
Osteichthyes
Sarcopterygii
Tetrapoda
Lissamphibia
Anura
Brachycephaloidea Günther 1858
Brachycephalidae Günther 1858
Brachycephalus Fitzinger 1826
Brachycephalus toby Haddad, Alves, Clemente-Carvalho & Reis 2010 (this page)
Brachycephalus actaeus Monteiro, Condez, Garcia, Comitti, Amaral & Haddad 2018
Brachycephalus albolineatus Bornschein, Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley & Pie 2016
Brachycephalus alipioi Pombal & Gasparini 2006
Brachycephalus atelopoide Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus auroguttatus Ribeiro, Firkowski, Bornschein & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus boticario Pie, Bornschein, Firkowski, Belmonte-Lopes & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus brunneus Ribeiro, Alves, Haddad & Reis 2005
Brachycephalus bufonoides Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus coloratus Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley, Pie & Bornschein 2017
Brachycephalus crispus Condez, Clemente-Carvalho, Haddad & Reis 2014
Brachycephalus curupira Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley, Pie & Bornschein 2017
Brachycephalus darkside Guimarães, Luz, Rocha & Feio 2017
Brachycephalus didactylus (Izecksohn 1971)
Brachycephalus ephippium (Spix 1824)
Brachycephalus ferruginus Alves, Ribeiro, Haddad & Reis 2006
Brachycephalus fuscolineatus Pie, Bornschein, Firkowski, Belmonte-Lopes & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus garbeanus Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus guarani Clemente-Carvalho, Giaretta, Condez, Haddad & Reis 2012
Brachycephalus hermogenesi (Giaretta & Sawaya 1998)
Brachycephalus izecksohni Ribeiro, Alves, Haddad & Reis 2005
Brachycephalus leopardus Ribeiro, Firkowski & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus margaritatus Pombal & Izecksohn 2011
Brachycephalus mariaeterezae Bornschein, Morato, Firkowski, Ribeiro & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus mirissimus Pie, Ribeiro, Confetti, Nadaline & Bornschein 2018
Brachycephalus nodoterga Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus olivaceus Bornschein, Morato, Firkowski, Ribeiro & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus pernix Pombal, Wistuba & Bornschein 1998
Brachycephalus pitanga Alves, Sawaya, Reis & Haddad 2009
Brachycephalus pombali Alves, Ribeiro, Haddad & Reis 2006
Brachycephalus pulex Napoli, Caramaschi, Cruz & Dias 2011
Brachycephalus quiririensis Pie & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus sulfuratus Condez, Monteiro, Comitti, Garcia, Amaral & Haddad 2016
Brachycephalus tridactylus Garey, Lima, Hartmann & Haddad 2012
Brachycephalus verrucosus Ribeiro, Firkowski, Bornschein & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus vertebralis Pombal 2001

Catalogue of Life 7 February 2023

Biota
Animalia
Chordata
Vertebrata
Gnathostomata
Osteichthyes
Sarcopterygii
Tetrapoda
Amphibia
Anura
Brachycephaloidea Günther 1858
Brachycephalidae Günther 1858
Brachycephalus Fitzinger 1826
Brachycephalus toby Haddad, Alves, Clemente-Carvalho & Reis 2010 (this page)
Brachycephalus actaeus Monteiro, Condez, Garcia, Comitti, Amaral & Haddad 2018
Brachycephalus albolineatus Bornschein, Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley & Pie 2016
Brachycephalus alipioi Pombal & Gasparini 2006
Brachycephalus atelopoide Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus auroguttatus Ribeiro, Firkowski, Bornschein & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus boticario Pie, Bornschein, Firkowski, Belmonte-Lopes & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus brunneus Ribeiro, Alves, Haddad & Reis 2005
Brachycephalus bufonoides Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus coloratus Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley, Pie & Bornschein 2017
Brachycephalus crispus Condez, Clemente-Carvalho, Haddad & Reis 2014
Brachycephalus curupira Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley, Pie & Bornschein 2017
Brachycephalus darkside Guimarães, Luz, Rocha & Feio 2017
Brachycephalus didactylus (Izecksohn 1971)
Brachycephalus ephippium (Spix 1824)
Brachycephalus ferruginus Alves, Ribeiro, Haddad & Reis 2006
Brachycephalus fuscolineatus Pie, Bornschein, Firkowski, Belmonte-Lopes & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus garbeanus Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus guarani Clemente-Carvalho, Giaretta, Condez, Haddad & Reis 2012
Brachycephalus hermogenesi (Giaretta & Sawaya 1998)
Brachycephalus izecksohni Ribeiro, Alves, Haddad & Reis 2005
Brachycephalus leopardus Ribeiro, Firkowski & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus margaritatus Pombal & Izecksohn 2011
Brachycephalus mariaeterezae Bornschein, Morato, Firkowski, Ribeiro & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus mirissimus Pie, Ribeiro, Confetti, Nadaline & Bornschein 2018
Brachycephalus nodoterga Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus olivaceus Bornschein, Morato, Firkowski, Ribeiro & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus pernix Pombal, Wistuba & Bornschein 1998
Brachycephalus pitanga Alves, Sawaya, Reis & Haddad 2009
Brachycephalus pombali Alves, Ribeiro, Haddad & Reis 2006
Brachycephalus pulex Napoli, Caramaschi, Cruz & Dias 2011
Brachycephalus quiririensis Pie & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus sulfuratus Condez, Monteiro, Comitti, Garcia, Amaral & Haddad 2016
Brachycephalus tridactylus Garey, Lima, Hartmann & Haddad 2012
Brachycephalus verrucosus Ribeiro, Firkowski, Bornschein & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus vertebralis Pombal 2001

Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2 - Test

Life
Cellular Organisms
Eukaryota
Opisthokonta
Metazoa
Bilateria
Deuterostomia
Chordata
Vertebrata
Gnathostomata
Osteichthyes
Sarcopterygii
Tetrapoda
Lissamphibia
Anura
Brachycephaloidea Günther 1858
Brachycephalidae Günther 1858
Brachycephalus Fitzinger 1826
Brachycephalus toby Haddad, Alves, Clemente-Carvalho & Reis 2010 (this page)
Brachycephalus actaeus Monteiro, Condez, Garcia, Comitti, Amaral & Haddad 2018
Brachycephalus albolineatus Bornschein, Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley & Pie 2016
Brachycephalus alipioi Pombal & Gasparini 2006
Brachycephalus atelopoide Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus auroguttatus Ribeiro, Firkowski, Bornschein & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus boticario Pie, Bornschein, Firkowski, Belmonte-Lopes & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus brunneus Ribeiro, Alves, Haddad & Reis 2005
Brachycephalus bufonoides Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus coloratus Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley, Pie & Bornschein 2017
Brachycephalus crispus Condez, Clemente-Carvalho, Haddad & Reis 2014
Brachycephalus curupira Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley, Pie & Bornschein 2017
Brachycephalus darkside Guimarães, Luz, Rocha & Feio 2017
Brachycephalus didactylus (Izecksohn 1971)
Brachycephalus ephippium (Spix 1824)
Brachycephalus ferruginus Alves, Ribeiro, Haddad & Reis 2006
Brachycephalus fuscolineatus Pie, Bornschein, Firkowski, Belmonte-Lopes & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus garbeanus Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus guarani Clemente-Carvalho, Giaretta, Condez, Haddad & Reis 2012
Brachycephalus hermogenesi (Giaretta & Sawaya 1998)
Brachycephalus izecksohni Ribeiro, Alves, Haddad & Reis 2005
Brachycephalus leopardus Ribeiro, Firkowski & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus margaritatus Pombal & Izecksohn 2011
Brachycephalus mariaeterezae Bornschein, Morato, Firkowski, Ribeiro & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus mirissimus Pie, Ribeiro, Confetti, Nadaline & Bornschein 2018
Brachycephalus nodoterga Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus olivaceus Bornschein, Morato, Firkowski, Ribeiro & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus pernix Pombal, Wistuba & Bornschein 1998
Brachycephalus pitanga Alves, Sawaya, Reis & Haddad 2009
Brachycephalus pombali Alves, Ribeiro, Haddad & Reis 2006
Brachycephalus pulex Napoli, Caramaschi, Cruz & Dias 2011
Brachycephalus quiririensis Pie & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus sulfuratus Condez, Monteiro, Comitti, Garcia, Amaral & Haddad 2016
Brachycephalus tridactylus Garey, Lima, Hartmann & Haddad 2012
Brachycephalus verrucosus Ribeiro, Firkowski, Bornschein & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus vertebralis Pombal 2001

EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1

Life
Cellular Organisms
Eukaryota
Opisthokonta
Metazoa
Bilateria
Deuterostomia
Chordata
Vertebrata
Gnathostomata
Osteichthyes
Sarcopterygii
Tetrapoda
Lissamphibia
Anura
Brachycephaloidea Günther 1858
Brachycephalidae Günther 1858
Brachycephalus Fitzinger 1826
Brachycephalus toby Haddad, Alves, Clemente-Carvalho & Reis 2010 (this page)
Brachycephalus actaeus Monteiro, Condez, Garcia, Comitti, Amaral & Haddad 2018
Brachycephalus albolineatus Bornschein, Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley & Pie 2016
Brachycephalus alipioi Pombal & Gasparini 2006
Brachycephalus atelopoide Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus auroguttatus Ribeiro, Firkowski, Bornschein & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus boticario Pie, Bornschein, Firkowski, Belmonte-Lopes & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus brunneus Ribeiro, Alves, Haddad & Reis 2005
Brachycephalus bufonoides Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus coloratus Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley, Pie & Bornschein 2017
Brachycephalus crispus Condez, Clemente-Carvalho, Haddad & Reis 2014
Brachycephalus curupira Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley, Pie & Bornschein 2017
Brachycephalus darkside Guimarães, Luz, Rocha & Feio 2017
Brachycephalus didactylus (Izecksohn 1971)
Brachycephalus ephippium (Spix 1824)
Brachycephalus ferruginus Alves, Ribeiro, Haddad & Reis 2006
Brachycephalus fuscolineatus Pie, Bornschein, Firkowski, Belmonte-Lopes & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus garbeanus Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus guarani Clemente-Carvalho, Giaretta, Condez, Haddad & Reis 2012
Brachycephalus hermogenesi (Giaretta & Sawaya 1998)
Brachycephalus izecksohni Ribeiro, Alves, Haddad & Reis 2005
Brachycephalus leopardus Ribeiro, Firkowski & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus margaritatus Pombal & Izecksohn 2011
Brachycephalus mariaeterezae Bornschein, Morato, Firkowski, Ribeiro & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus mirissimus Pie, Ribeiro, Confetti, Nadaline & Bornschein 2018
Brachycephalus nodoterga Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus olivaceus Bornschein, Morato, Firkowski, Ribeiro & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus pernix Pombal, Wistuba & Bornschein 1998
Brachycephalus pitanga Alves, Sawaya, Reis & Haddad 2009
Brachycephalus pombali Alves, Ribeiro, Haddad & Reis 2006
Brachycephalus pulex Napoli, Caramaschi, Cruz & Dias 2011
Brachycephalus quiririensis Pie & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus sulfuratus Condez, Monteiro, Comitti, Garcia, Amaral & Haddad 2016
Brachycephalus tridactylus Garey, Lima, Hartmann & Haddad 2012
Brachycephalus verrucosus Ribeiro, Firkowski, Bornschein & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus vertebralis Pombal 2001

Frost Darrel R 2018 Amphibian Species of the World

Amphibia
Anura
Brachycephaloidea Günther 1858
Brachycephalidae Günther, 1858
Brachycephalus Fitzinger 1826
Brachycephalus toby Haddad, Alves, Clemente-Carvalho, and Reis, 2010 (this page)
Brachycephalus actaeus Monteiro, Condez, Garcia, Comitti, Amaral, and Haddad, 2018
Brachycephalus albolineatus Bornschein, Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley, and Pie, 2016
Brachycephalus alipioi Pombal and Gasparini, 2006
Brachycephalus atelopoide Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920
Brachycephalus auroguttatus Ribeiro, Firkowski, Bornschein, and Pie, 2015
Brachycephalus boticario Pie, Bornschein, Firkowski, Belmonte-Lopes, and Ribeiro, 2015
Brachycephalus brunneus Ribeiro, Alves, Haddad, and Reis, 2005
Brachycephalus bufonoides Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920
Brachycephalus coloratus Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley, Pie, and Bornschein, 2017
Brachycephalus crispus Condez, Clemente-Carvalho, Haddad, and Reis, 2014
Brachycephalus curupira Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley, Pie, and Bornschein, 2017
Brachycephalus darkside Guimarães, Luz, Rocha, and Feio, 2017
Brachycephalus didactylus (Izecksohn, 1971)
Brachycephalus ephippium (Spix, 1824)
Brachycephalus ferruginus Alves, Ribeiro, Haddad, and Reis, 2006
Brachycephalus fuscolineatus Pie, Bornschein, Firkowski, Belmonte-Lopes, and Ribeiro, 2015
Brachycephalus garbeanus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920
Brachycephalus guarani Clemente-Carvalho, Giaretta, Condez, Haddad, and Reis, 2012
Brachycephalus hermogenesi (Giaretta and Sawaya, 1998)
Brachycephalus izecksohni Ribeiro, Alves, Haddad, and Reis, 2005
Brachycephalus leopardus Ribeiro, Firkowski, and Pie, 2015
Brachycephalus margaritatus Pombal and Izecksohn, 2011
Brachycephalus mariaeterezae Bornschein, Morato, Firkowski, Ribeiro and Pie, 2015
Brachycephalus mirissimus Pie, Ribeiro, Confetti, Nadaline, and Bornschein, 2018
Brachycephalus nodoterga Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920
Brachycephalus olivaceus Bornschein, Morato, Firkowski, Ribeiro and Pie, 2015
Brachycephalus pernix Pombal, Wistuba, and Bornschein, 1998
Brachycephalus pitanga Alves, Sawaya, Reis, and Haddad, 2009
Brachycephalus pombali Alves, Ribeiro, Haddad, and Reis, 2006
Brachycephalus pulex Napoli, Caramaschi, Cruz, and Dias, 2011
Brachycephalus quiririensis Pie and Ribeiro, 2015
Brachycephalus sulfuratus Condez, Monteiro, Comitti, Garcia, Amaral, and Haddad, 2016
Brachycephalus tridactylus Garey, Lima, Hartmann, and Haddad, 2012
Brachycephalus verrucosus Ribeiro, Firkowski, Bornschein, and Pie, 2015
Brachycephalus vertebralis Pombal, 2001

Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Hierarchy

Animalia
Bilateria
Deuterostomia
Chordata
Vertebrata
Gnathostomata
Tetrapoda
Amphibia
Anura
Brachycephaloidea Günther 1858
Brachycephalidae Günther 1858
Brachycephalus Fitzinger 1826
Brachycephalus toby Haddad, Alves, Clemente-Carvalho & Reis 2010 (this page)
Brachycephalus actaeus Monteiro, Condez, Garcia, Comitti, Amaral & Haddad 2018
Brachycephalus albolineatus Bornschein, Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley & Pie 2016
Brachycephalus alipioi Pombal & Gasparini 2006
Brachycephalus atelopoide Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus auroguttatus Ribeiro, Firkowski, Bornschein & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus boticario Pie, Bornschein, Firkowski, Belmonte-Lopes & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus brunneus Ribeiro, Alves, Haddad & Reis 2005
Brachycephalus bufonoides Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus coloratus Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley, Pie & Bornschein 2017
Brachycephalus crispus Condez, Clemente-Carvalho, Haddad & Reis 2014
Brachycephalus curupira Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley, Pie & Bornschein 2017
Brachycephalus darkside Guimarães, Luz, Rocha & Feio 2017
Brachycephalus didactylus (Izecksohn 1971)
Brachycephalus ephippium (Spix 1824)
Brachycephalus ferruginus Alves, Ribeiro, Haddad & Reis 2006
Brachycephalus fuscolineatus Pie, Bornschein, Firkowski, Belmonte-Lopes & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus garbeanus Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus guarani Clemente-Carvalho, Giaretta, Condez, Haddad & Reis 2012
Brachycephalus hermogenesi (Giaretta & Sawaya 1998)
Brachycephalus izecksohni Ribeiro, Alves, Haddad & Reis 2005
Brachycephalus leopardus Ribeiro, Firkowski & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus margaritatus Pombal & Izecksohn 2011
Brachycephalus mariaeterezae Bornschein, Morato, Firkowski, Ribeiro & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus mirissimus Pie, Ribeiro, Confetti, Nadaline & Bornschein 2018
Brachycephalus nodoterga Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
Brachycephalus olivaceus Bornschein, Morato, Firkowski, Ribeiro & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus pernix Pombal, Wistuba & Bornschein 1998
Brachycephalus pitanga Alves, Sawaya, Reis & Haddad 2009
Brachycephalus pombali Alves, Ribeiro, Haddad & Reis 2006
Brachycephalus pulex Napoli, Caramaschi, Cruz & Dias 2011
Brachycephalus quiririensis Pie & Ribeiro 2015
Brachycephalus sulfuratus Condez, Monteiro, Comitti, Garcia, Amaral & Haddad 2016
Brachycephalus tridactylus Garey, Lima, Hartmann & Haddad 2012
Brachycephalus verrucosus Ribeiro, Firkowski, Bornschein & Pie 2015
Brachycephalus vertebralis Pombal 2001

NCBI

root
cellular organisms
Eukaryota
Opisthokonta
Metazoa
Eumetazoa
Bilateria
Deuterostomia
Chordata
Craniata
Vertebrata
Gnathostomata
Teleostomi
Euteleostomi
Sarcopterygii
Dipnotetrapodomorpha
Tetrapoda
Amphibia
Batrachia
Anura
Neobatrachia
Hyloidea
Brachycephalidae
Brachycephalus
Brachycephalus toby (this page)
Brachycephalus actaeus
Brachycephalus albolineatus
Brachycephalus alipioi
Brachycephalus auroguttatus
Brachycephalus boticario
Brachycephalus brunneus
Brachycephalus didactylus
Brachycephalus ephippium
Brachycephalus ferruginus
Brachycephalus fuscolineatus
Brachycephalus garbeanus
Brachycephalus hermogenesi
Brachycephalus izecksohni
Brachycephalus leopardus
Brachycephalus mariaeterezae
Brachycephalus nodoterga
Brachycephalus olivaceus
Brachycephalus pernix
Brachycephalus pitanga
Brachycephalus pombali
Brachycephalus quiririensis
Brachycephalus sulfuratus
Brachycephalus tridactylus
Brachycephalus verrucosus
Brachycephalus vertebralis
unclassified Brachycephalus

wikidata_hierarchy tar gz

Biota
Eukaryota
Unikonta
Opisthokonta
Holozoa
Filozoa
Apoikozoa
Animalia
Eumetazoa
Bilateria
Deuterostomia
Chordata
Olfactores
Craniata
Vertebrata
Gnathostomata
Osteichthyes
Sarcopterygii
Dipnotetrapodomorpha
Tetrapodomorpha
Tetrapoda
Amphibia
Lissamphibia
Anura
Neobatrachia
Brachycephalidae
Brachycephalus
Brachycephalus toby (this page)
Brachycephalus actaeus
Brachycephalus albolineatus
Brachycephalus alipioi
Brachycephalus atelopoide
Brachycephalus auroguttatus
Brachycephalus boticario
Brachycephalus brunneus
Brachycephalus bufonoides
Brachycephalus coloratus
Brachycephalus crispus
Brachycephalus curupira
Brachycephalus darkside
Brachycephalus didactylus
Brachycephalus ephippium
Brachycephalus ferruginus
Brachycephalus fuscolineatus
Brachycephalus garbeanus
Brachycephalus guarani
Brachycephalus hermogenesi
Brachycephalus izecksohni
Brachycephalus leopardus
Brachycephalus margaritatus
Brachycephalus mariaeterezae
Brachycephalus mirissimus
Brachycephalus nodoterga
Brachycephalus olivaceus
Brachycephalus pernix
Brachycephalus pitanga
Brachycephalus pombali
Brachycephalus pulex
Brachycephalus quiririensis
Brachycephalus rotenbergae
Brachycephalus rotenbergae
Brachycephalus sulfuratus
Brachycephalus tridactylus
Brachycephalus verrucosus
Brachycephalus vertebralis
Bracycephalus tridactylus
EOL is hosted by: