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Horned Murex

Bolinus cornutus (Linnaeus 1758)

Gehörnte Stachelschnecke ( German )

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Die Gehörnte Stachelschnecke (Bolinus cornutus), wie einige verwandte Arten auch Purpurschnecke genannt, ist eine Schnecke aus der Familie der Stachelschnecken (Gattung Bolinus), die an der afrikanischen Atlantikküste verbreitet ist.

Merkmale

Das aschbraune bis weißliche, mit gelben oder rotbraunen Bändern überzogene Schneckenhaus von Bolinus cornutus ist groß und kolbenförmig. Es hat einen bauchigen Körperumgang, ein stark abgeflachtes Gewinde und einen langen Siphonalkanal. Der Körperumgang trägt sieben Reihen mit zwei oder drei hörnerartig nach hinten gebogenen hohlen Stacheln, der Siphonalkanal ist mit einzelnen kurzen Stacheln besetzt. Bei ausgewachsenen Schnecken erreicht das Haus eine Länge von bis zu 20 cm. Das Operculum ist hornig.[1][2][3]

Verbreitung

Die Gehörnte Stachelschnecke tritt an der Atlantikküste Afrikas auf, unter anderem in Angola und Gabun.[4]

Lebensraum und Lebensweise

Die Gehörnte Stachelschnecke lebt auf Sand und Schlammboden vom seichten Wasser bis 200 m Tiefe.[5] Wie andere Stachelschnecken lebt Bolinus cornutus vor allem von sessilen schalentragenden Tieren.[6]

Bedeutung für den Menschen

Bolinus cornutus, lange Zeit unter dem Originalnamen Murex cornutus von Linné bekannt, bildet wie andere Purpurschnecken ein milchiges Sekret, das zur Beutejagd, Verteidigung und zum Schutz der Eier gegen Mikroben dient. Die farblose Substanz wird an der Luft zunächst grün und später purpurrot. Deswegen kann die Gehörnte Stachelschnecke als Purpurlieferant genutzt werden.[6]

Einzelnachweise

  1. C. Brüggemann: Die Naturgeschichte in getreuen Abbildungen und mit ausführlicher Beschreibung derselben. Verlag von Eduard Eisenach, Leipzig 1838. Die Weichthiere. S. 71. Die gehörnte Stachelschnecke. Murex cornutus Linn.
  2. Julia Ellen Rogers: The Shell Book. Doubleday, Page & Company, New York 1908, S. 32: The Horned Murex. Murex cornutus Linn.
  3. Carolus Linnaeus: Systema Naturae. 10. ed., Lars Salvius: Stockholm 1758, S. 747. 445. Murex cornutus.
  4. World Register of Marine Species, Bolinus cornutus (Linnaeus, 1758)
  5. Guido T. Poppe, Yoshihiro Goto: European seashells, vol. 1 (Polyplacophora, Caudofoveata, Solenogastra, Gastropoda). Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden 1991. ISBN 3-925919-07-4. 352 S.
  6. a b Robert Tucker Abbott, Percy A. Morris: A Field Guide to Shells: Atlantic and Gulf Coasts and the West Indies. Houghton Mifflin, Harcourt 2001, ISBN 978-0-618-16439-4, S. 207.
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Gehörnte Stachelschnecke: Brief Summary ( German )

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Die Gehörnte Stachelschnecke (Bolinus cornutus), wie einige verwandte Arten auch Purpurschnecke genannt, ist eine Schnecke aus der Familie der Stachelschnecken (Gattung Bolinus), die an der afrikanischen Atlantikküste verbreitet ist.

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Bolinus cornutus

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Bolinus cornutus, or horned murex, is a predatory species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex or rock snails.[1] This species is common along the west coast of Africa, where it prefers moderately shallow waters. The shell of the snail is distinctively large, spiny, and club-shaped, usually pale brown or tan in colour, with an elongated and straight siphonal canal.

Description

Bolinus cornutus inhabits moderately shallow waters and prefers gravelled or rocky substrate. It is carnivorous and predatory.[2]

Although not as widely utilised as other murex species, such as Bolinus brandaris, Bolinus cornutus is one of the sea snail species from which a rich purple dye, generally referred to as Tyrian purple, can be extracted. The dye is a mucus from the snail's hypobranchial gland, which is secreted for defence and as an aid in predation.[2][3]

Bolinus cornutus is protected by a large, thick, spiny shell, club-shaped and with a broad body whorl. The maximum length of the shell is approximately 200 millimetres. Its spire is low and the body whorl has six or seven varices, each varix forming two long, hollow spines. Short spines also spiral off the long, straight siphonal canal of the shell, which is narrowly open along its length. The buff or tan shell colour is interrupted on the body whorl by three darker brown spiral bands, spaced evenly. The majority of the ovate aperture of the shell is white, with an "apricot" shade on the lip edge, the inductura, and the parietal callus. Most of the outer surface of the shell is rough in texture.[2][4][5][6]

Distribution

Bolinus cornutus is found along the Atlantic coast of Africa; it is not an uncommon species.[4][7]

References

  1. ^ a b Bolinus cornutus (Linnaeus, 1758). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 24 April 2010.
  2. ^ a b c Abbott, R. Tucker; Morris, Percy A. (2001). A Field Guide to Shells: Atlantic and Gulf Coasts and the West Indies. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 207. ISBN 978-0-618-16439-4.
  3. ^ Joseph, Vercauteren; Chèze, Catherine; Triaud, J. (15–18 July 1996). Polyphenols 96: 18th International Conference on Polyphenols. Bordeaux, France: Editions Quae. p. 55. ISBN 978-2-7380-0796-4.
  4. ^ a b Radwin, George E.; D'Attilio, Anthony (1976). Murex shells of the world: an illustrated guide to the Muricidae. Stanford University Press. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-8047-0897-5.
  5. ^ Ardovini, Roberto; Cossignani, Tiziano (2004). West African seashells: including Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands. L'informatore piceno. p. 142. ISBN 978-88-86070-11-9.
  6. ^ Rogers, Julia Ellen (1908). The Shell Book. New York: Doubleday, Page & Company. p. 32. ISBN 978-1-4191-5292-4.
  7. ^ Abbott, Robert Tucker; Dance, S. Peter (1986). Compendium of seashells: a color guide to more than 4,200 of the world's marine shells. American Malacologists. p. 138. ISBN 978-0-915826-17-9.

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Bolinus cornutus: Brief Summary

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Bolinus cornutus, or horned murex, is a predatory species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex or rock snails. This species is common along the west coast of Africa, where it prefers moderately shallow waters. The shell of the snail is distinctively large, spiny, and club-shaped, usually pale brown or tan in colour, with an elongated and straight siphonal canal.

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Bolinus cornutus ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Bolinus cornutus is een soort der zeeslakken in de familie Muricidae, ook wel bekend als rotsslakken.[1]

De soort komt vooral voor in ondiepe wateren langs de westkust van Afrika. De schelp van de slak is knotsvormig, opvallend groot, en doorgaans bleekbruin van kleur. De Bolinus cornutus is een carnivoor.[2] De schelp heeft ook vele puntige uitsteeksels en is erg dik. De schelp kan maximaal 200 millimeter lang worden.

Bolinus cornutus is een van de slakken uit de familie Muricidae waaruit een paarse kleurstof, vaak purper genoemd, kan worden gewonnen. De cornutus wordt echter minder vaak gebruikt voor dit doel dan bijvoorbeeld de Brandhoren. Deze kleurstof wordt door de slak doorgaans afgescheiden als verdedigingsmechanisme en als hulp bij het jagen.[2][3]

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. Bolinus cornutus (Linnaeus, 1758) in het World Register of Marine Species.
  2. a b Abbott, R. Tucker; Morris, Percy A., A Field Guide to Shells: Atlantic and Gulf Coasts and the West Indies, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2001, p.207. ISBN 9780618164394.
  3. Polyphenols 96: 18th International Conference on Polyphenols, door Joseph Vercauteren, gepubliceerd op 15-18 juli 1996. isbn 9782738007964
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Bolinus cornutus ( Portuguese )

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Bolinus cornutus é uma espécie de gastrópode da família Muricidae. É comumente encontrada ao longo da costa oeste da África, mais frequentemente em águas relativamente rasas.

Possui como característica uma concha espinhosa, frequentemente de coloração terrosa ou marrom, com um canal alongado e reto.

Referências

  1. «Bolinus cornutus». The BayScience Foundation. Consultado em 5 de março de 2011

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Bolinus cornutus: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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Bolinus cornutus é uma espécie de gastrópode da família Muricidae. É comumente encontrada ao longo da costa oeste da África, mais frequentemente em águas relativamente rasas.

Possui como característica uma concha espinhosa, frequentemente de coloração terrosa ou marrom, com um canal alongado e reto.

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Bolinus cornutus ( Vietnamese )

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Bolinus cornutus là một loài ốc biển săn mồi, là động vật thân mềm chân bụng sống ở biển thuộc họ Muricidae, họ ốc gai[1]. Loài này phổ biến dọc theo bờ biển tây châu Phi nơi chúng sinh sống ở các vùng nước nông vừa. Vỏ chúng có hình như cây chùy, có gai, lớn, thường có màu nâu nhạt hoặc nâu vàng nhạt với ông xi phông.

Chú thích

  1. ^ a ă Bolinus cornutus (Linnaeus, 1758). World Register of Marine Species, truy cập ngày 24 tháng 4 năm 2010.


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Bolinus cornutus: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Bolinus cornutus là một loài ốc biển săn mồi, là động vật thân mềm chân bụng sống ở biển thuộc họ Muricidae, họ ốc gai. Loài này phổ biến dọc theo bờ biển tây châu Phi nơi chúng sinh sống ở các vùng nước nông vừa. Vỏ chúng có hình như cây chùy, có gai, lớn, thường có màu nâu nhạt hoặc nâu vàng nhạt với ông xi phông.

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彎角骨螺 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Bolinus cornutus
(Linnaeus, 1758)

彎角骨螺學名Bolinus cornutus)是一種掠食性的海蝸牛[1]它們廣泛分佈在非洲西岸,喜歡中等水深的海域。它們的殼很大,有刺及呈棒狀,一般都是呈淡褐色或黃褐色,有筆直及很長的水管溝

特徵

彎角骨螺棲息在中等水深的海域,喜歡碎石或岩質基質。它們是肉食性及掠食性的。[2]

彎角骨螺含有豐富的紫色染料,一般稱為骨螺紫。這種染料是鰓下腺的黏液,用來防禦及協助掠食的。[2][3]

彎角骨螺的殼很厚大,有刺,呈棒狀,體螺層很闊。殼可以長達20厘米。螺旋部很低,體螺層有6-7個螺層,每個螺層有2條長而中空的刺。水管溝筆直及長,其上也有短刺。殼呈淡黃色或黃褐色,在體螺層上有3道深色的螺旋形斑紋。殼孔呈卵狀及白色,唇邊、瓣殼質及滑層呈杏黃色。殼的外表面都很粗糙。[4][2][5][6]

分佈

彎角骨螺分佈在非洲大西洋海岸。[4][7]

參考

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Bolinus cornutus (Linnaeus, 1758). [2011-02-09].
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Abbott, R. Tucker; Morris, Percy A. A Field Guide to Shells: Atlantic and Gulf Coasts and the West Indies. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2001: 207. ISBN 9780618164394. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
  3. ^ Joseph, Vercauteren; Chèze, Catherine; Triaud, J. Polyphenols 96: 18th International Conference on Polyphenols. Bordeaux, France: Editions Quae: 55. 15–18 July 1996. ISBN 9782738007964. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Radwin, George E.; D'Attilio, Anthony. Murex shells of the world: an illustrated guide to the Muricidae. Standford University Press. 1976: 29. ISBN 9780804708975. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
  5. ^ Ardovini, Roberto; Cossignani, Tiziano. West African seashells: including Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands. L'informatore piceno. 2004: 142. ISBN 9788886070119. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
  6. ^ Rogers, Julia Ellen. The Shell Book. New York: Doubleday, Page & Company. 1908: 32. ISBN 9781419152924.
  7. ^ Abbott, Robert Tucker; Dance, S. Peter. Compendium of seashells: a color guide to more than 4,200 of the world's marine shells. American Malacologists. 1986: 138. ISBN 9780915826179. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
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彎角骨螺: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

彎角骨螺(學名:Bolinus cornutus)是一種掠食性的海蝸牛。它們廣泛分佈在非洲西岸,喜歡中等水深的海域。它們的殼很大,有刺及呈棒狀,一般都是呈淡褐色或黃褐色,有筆直及很長的水管溝

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维基百科作者和编辑