Diagnostic Description
provided by FAO species catalogs
The snout has an almost perfect conical shape. Snout and caudal peduncle subconical. Spiracle present. Gill membrane joined to isthmus. Mouth transverse and lower lip continuous, and not interrumpted in the middle. The barbels are fimbriate, halfway between tip of snout and mouth, reaching the later. 24-45 gill rakers. D:39-57. A:23-37 fin rays. 11-17 dorsal scutes. 49-74 lateral scutes (usually more than 50). 11-17 ventral scutes (in large specimens, these scutes wear away and are often almost fully lost). There are no small bony plates between the rows of scutes. The first dorsal scute is the largest and form an obtuse angle with the profil of head. Dorsum greyish green, becoming ligther on the sides. Ventral surface yellowish-white, and the fins are greyish.
- Artyukhin, E.N. & Z.G. Zarkua. - 1986. On the question of taxonomic status of the sturgeons in the Rioini River (the Black Sea bassin). Voprosy Ikhtiologii. 26:61-67.
- Banarecu, P. - 1964. Pisces-Osteichthyes. Fauna Republicii Populare Romine. Academiei Republicii Populare Romine, Bucaresti. 13. Ed.
- Bauchot, M.-L. - 1987. Poissons osseux. In: W. Fischer and M.-L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds). Fiches FAO d'Identification des espèces pour les besoins de la pêche (Révison 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. p. 891-1421. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome.
- Berg, L.S. - 1934. Acipenser gueldenstaedti persicus, a sturgeon from the south Caspian Sea. Ann. Mag. Nat. His.,Ser. 10. 317-319.
- Berg, L.S. - 1962. Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. Volume 1.Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. 4th edition. Russian version published 1948.
- Borodin, N. - 1936. Acipenser persicus, a sturgeon from the Caspian Sea. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 9. 20: 26-28.
- Crespo, J., J. Gajate & R. Ponce. - 2001. Clasificación científica e identificación de nombres vernáculos existentes en la base de datos de seguimiento informático de recursos naturales oceánicos. Instituto Español de Oceanografia, Madrid, Spain .
- Reshetnikov, Y.S., N.G. Bogutskaya, E.D. Vasil'eva, E.A. Dorofeeva, A.M. Naseka, O.A. Popova, K.A. Savvaitova, V.G. Sideleva & L.I. Sokolov. - 1997. An annotated check-list of the freshwater fishes of Russia. J. Ichthyol. 37(9): 687-736.
- Sokolov, L.I. & V.P. Vasilev. - 1989. Acipenser nudiventris Lovestky, 1828. In The Freshwater Fishes of Europe.Vol.1, Part II: General Introduction to Fishes. Acipenseriformes.AULA-Verlag Wiesbaden. (Ed. J. Holcík) . 345-366.
- Zholdasova, I. - 1997. Sturgeons and Aral Sea ecological catastrophe. Environm. Biol. Fis. 48:373-380.
Distribution
provided by FAO species catalogs
Black, Azov, Caspian and Aral Seas, from which adults ascend the rivers to spawn (Sokolov & Vasilev, 1989). According to Birstein (1993) it is extinct in the Aral Sea. Therefore, possibly a small population of this form still exists in Lake Balkhash (Zholdasova, 1997).
Size
provided by FAO species catalogs
Maximum of 221 cm, and weigh of 80 kg and a maximum age of 32 years.
Brief Summary
provided by FAO species catalogs
The ship sturgeon remain in shallow water, above 50 m.Where the bottom is muddy. They are more abundant in the vicinity of river mouths. Freshwater forms seem to be present (Banarescu, 1964).Juveniles prey on insect larvae (Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, Odonata and Plecoptera), other insects, molluscs, and crustaceans. Fully-grown ship sturgeon in the Caspian feed primarily on fishes , especially gobiids and, in recent years, a basic food item in their diet has become the introduced crab Rhitropanopus harrisi, which account for as much as 70 % of the food, by weight.). Enters rivers from March to May and in October/November, spawning from the end of April to June. Spawns at water temperatures between 12 and 17.9 ºC. Some non migratory forms, continously remains in the fresh water.
Benefits
provided by FAO species catalogs
Commercial. Aquaculture.
Diagnostic Description
provided by Fishbase
Snout moderately long and pointed at tip. Lower lip continuous, not interrupted at centre. Barbels halfway between tip of snout and mouth, reaching the latter. Five rows of scutes, dorsal 11-17, lateral 49-70, but usually 55-56 on each side, ventral 10-16, with no smaller plates between dorsal and ventral rows. Color of back grey, flanks lighter, belly white.
Life Cycle
provided by Fishbase
Most juveniles move to sea in their first summer and remain there until they reach maturity. Others remain for a longer period. In autumn, individuals migrate to the rivers and remain there until the following spring to spawn (Ref. 59043). Females reproduce every 2-3 and males every 1-2 years (Ref. 59043).
Migration
provided by Fishbase
Anadromous. Fish that ascend rivers to spawn, as salmon and hilsa do. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.
Morphology
provided by Fishbase
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 45 - 57; Analsoft rays: 23 - 37
Trophic Strategy
provided by Fishbase
Feeds on benthic invertebrates and insects (Ref. 3193).
Biology
provided by Fishbase
Adults occur in the sea close to shores and estuaries and in deep stretches of large rivers over muddy substrate. Are usually solitary. Juveniles live in shallow riverine habitats (Ref. 59043). Feed on mollusks, amphipods and chironomid larvae. Spawning takes place in strong-current habitats in main course of large and deep rivers on stone or gravel bottom (Ref. 59043) from end of April to June (end of May in Rioni River, Black Sea) (Ref. 3193).
Importance
provided by Fishbase
fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: commercial
Bastard sturgeon
provided by wikipedia EN
The bastard sturgeon, also known as the fringebarbel sturgeon, ship sturgeon, spiny sturgeon, or thorn sturgeon (Acipenser nudiventris),[5] is a species of fish in the family Acipenseridae.[1] These fish are typically found along the benthos of shallower waters near shorelines or estuaries.[5][6]
Feeding
Acipenser nudiventris typically feed on other animals near the benthos including: insect larvae, mollusks, crustaceans, and other smaller fish.[5][7][8]
Reproduction
Acipenser nudiventris are usually anadromous—meaning they live in saltwater and travel to freshwaters to deposit eggs—but some can spend their entire life cycle in freshwater.[8] Because they travel from saltwater to freshwater to spawn, they often live nearby estuaries.[8] Migration to freshwaters for deposition of eggs occurs during spring between the months of March and May, and fall between October and November.[8][6] On average, female bastard sturgeon produce between 200,000 and 300,000 eggs over the course of their lifetime.[7] The young Acipenser nudiventris can live in freshwater for years following birth prior to traveling to the sea, though many migrate to the sea soon after birth.[5] The average time between birth of subsequent Acipenser nudiventris is around 15 years; variation in generation time of this species is somewhat dependent on human fishing patterns and whether the species is thriving in its environment.[8]
Conservation status
Formerly abundant in the Black, Aral and Caspian seas, its range is now primarily limited to the Ural River (in Russia and Kazakhstan), with possible relict populations in the Rioni River in Georgia and the Safid Rud in Iran.[8] One of the most established populations is one in Lake Balkhash in Kazakhstan, well outside its natural range, where they were introduced in the 1930s for commercial purposes.[5] A decline in the abundance of Acipenser nudiventris has been reported due to overfishing and damming, which have led to limitations placed on fishing for bastard sturgeon in areas such as the Ural River.[8][9] In order to alleviate concerns with rapidly decreasing Acipenser nudiventris, an effort was made to raise these fish in captivity before releasing them back into rivers they once inhabited.[7]
References
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^ a b Gesner, J.; Freyhof, J.; Kottelat, M. (2010). "Acipenser nudiventris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T225A13038215. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-1.RLTS.T225A13038215.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
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^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
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^ Froese, R.; Pauly, D. (2017). "Acipenseridae". FishBase version (02/2017). Retrieved 18 May 2017.
-
^ "Acipenseridae" (PDF). Deeplyfish- fishes of the world. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
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^ a b c d e Vecseia, Paul; Artyukhinb, Evgenii; Peterson, Douglas (2002). "Threatened fishes of the world: Acipenser nudiventris Lovetsky, 1828 (Acipenseridae)" (PDF). Environmental Biology of Fishes. 65 (4): 455–456. doi:10.1023/A:1021124904613. S2CID 26573687.
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^ a b Lovetzky (1828). "Fringebarbel sturgeon (Acipenser nudiventris)". Marine Species Identification Portal. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
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^ a b c Sivkov, Ianaki; Stefanov, Tihomir; Trichkova, Teodora (2011). Red data book of the republic of Bulgaria. Vassil Golemansky, Dimitar Peev, Valko Biserkov, Bŭlgarska akademii︠a︡ na naukite. Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. p. 48. ISBN 978-954-9746-21-1. OCLC 995229803.
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^ a b c d e f g "Thorn Sturgeon (Acipenser nudiventris) Ecological Risk Screening Summary" (PDF). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 29 August 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
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^ Abdolhay, Hossein (2004). Marine Ranching. Rome: FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. p. 170. ISBN 92-5-104961-0.
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Bastard sturgeon: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
The bastard sturgeon, also known as the fringebarbel sturgeon, ship sturgeon, spiny sturgeon, or thorn sturgeon (Acipenser nudiventris), is a species of fish in the family Acipenseridae. These fish are typically found along the benthos of shallower waters near shorelines or estuaries.
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- cc-by-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Wikipedia authors and editors
