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Lloyd's Mariposa Cactus

Sclerocactus mariposensis (Hester) N. P. Taylor

Echinomastus mariposensis ( German )

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Echinomastus mariposensis ist eine Pflanzenart in der Gattung Echinomastus aus der Familie der Kakteengewächse (Cactaceae). Englische Trivialnamen sind „Lloyd’s Mariposa Cactus“ und „Mariposa Cactus“.

Beschreibung

Echinomastus mariposensis wächst einzeln mit kugelförmigen bis leicht zylindrischen, dicht bedornten, blaugrünen Trieben, die bei Durchmessern von 4 bis 6 Zentimetern Wuchshöhen von 6 bis 10 Zentimetern erreichen. Es sind keine Rippen vorhanden. Die schlank zulaufenden Höcker sind bis 5 Millimeter lang. Die 2 bis 4 Mitteldornen sind weißlich, werden im Alter häufig dunkler und sind 1,5 bis 2 Zentimeter lang. Der unterste von ihnen ist abwärts gerichtet. Die an der Trieboberfläche anliegenden 26 bis 32 ausstrahlenden, weißlichen Randdornen sind 4 bis 6 Millimeter lang.

Die breit trichterförmigen, rosafarbenen Blüten sind bis 2,5 Zentimeter lang und erreichen Durchmesser von 3 bis 4 Zentimeter. Die grünlichen Früchte sind kugelförmig.

Verbreitung, Systematik und Gefährdung

Echinomastus mariposensis ist in den Vereinigten Staaten im Bundesstaat Texas sowie in den mexikanischen Bundesstaaten Coahuila und Nuevo León verbreitet.

Die Erstbeschreibung erfolgte 1945 durch John Pinckney Hester.[1]

Nomenklatorische Synonyme sind Neolloydia mariposensis (Hester) L.D.Benson (1969), Echinocactus mariposensis (Hester) D.Weniger (1970, nom. inval. ICBN-Artikel 33.3), Sclerocactus mariposensis (Hester) N.P.Taylor (1987) und Pediocactus mariposensis (Hester) Halda (1998).

In der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN wird die Art als „Least Concern (LC)“, d. h. als nicht gefährdet geführt.[2]

Nachweise

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

  1. Desert Plant Life. Band 17, Pasadena 1945, S. 59.
  2. Sclerocactus mariposensis in der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN 2020-3. Eingestellt von: Heil, K. & Terry, M., 2009. Abgerufen am 1. März 2021.

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Echinomastus mariposensis: Brief Summary ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE

Echinomastus mariposensis ist eine Pflanzenart in der Gattung Echinomastus aus der Familie der Kakteengewächse (Cactaceae). Englische Trivialnamen sind „Lloyd’s Mariposa Cactus“ und „Mariposa Cactus“.

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Echinomastus mariposensis

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Echinomastus mariposensis (syn. Neolloydia mariposensis, Sclerocactus mariposensis) is a rare species of cactus known by the common names Lloyd's fishhook cactus, golfball cactus, silver column cactus, and Mariposa cactus. It is native to a small section of territory straddling the border between Brewster County, Texas, in the United States and the state of Coahuila in Mexico. It has been federally listed as a threatened species in the United States since 1979.[2]

Habitat

This tiny cactus grows at about 30 sites in Texas and Coahuila, many of which are located within Big Bend National Park and the Black Gap Wildlife Management Area.[3][4] In Coahuila it has been observed near Cuatro Ciénegas and Monclova.[2] It is named for the Mariposa Mine, a mercury mine[2] in Texas, where it was first discovered.[4] It was described in 1945.[2] The plant grows in Chihuahuan Desert scrub amongst other plants such as beaked yucca (Yucca rostrata), creosote (Larrea tridentata), and lechuguilla (Agave lechuguilla), as well as many other cacti.[3] It grows in barren, exposed, rocky habitat with substrates of limestone; it does not occur in the adjacent parts of the habitat where the rock is gypsum, and the related Echinomastus warnockii fills its niche there.[5] This cactus may grow alongside the bunched cory cactus (Coryphantha ramillosa), another threatened cactus species.[2]

Characteristics

This is a petite cactus growing up to 10 centimeters tall by 6 wide. The body is covered with areoles bearing spines. The central spines are up to 2 centimeters long and are white, gray, or yellow in color with brownish or bluish tips. Each areole also has many radial spines which are smaller and white or gray in color, sometimes with brown tips. The flowers are white, or pink fading to white over time, often with dark midstripes, and up to 3 centimeters long. The fruit is about a centimeter in length and yellow-green in color.[2][5] Blooming occurs in February and March.[2]

Endangered status

Threats to this rare species have included mercury mining, petroleum exploration activities, off-road vehicles, and grazing.[2] The worst threat has been poaching by cactus collectors.[2][3] The collectors employed professional diggers to go into the habitat and retrieve this and other species of cacti, which were stockpiled, shipped away for sale, and sometimes discarded or wasted.[2][4] The type locality of the cactus has been scoured for specimens and few are found there anymore.[2][4] Plants in Big Bend National Park occur on rugged terrain and have generally been safe from collectors.[4] In 1983 the cactus was placed on Appendix 1 of CITES in an effort to protect it from harvesting.[2]

References

  1. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l USFWS. E. mariposensis Recovery Plan. April 1990.
  3. ^ a b c E. mariposensis. Archived 2010-12-15 at the Wayback Machine Center for Plant Conservation.
  4. ^ a b c d e E. mariposensis. Texas Parks and Wildlife.
  5. ^ a b E. mariposensis. Flora of North America.

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Echinomastus mariposensis: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Echinomastus mariposensis (syn. Neolloydia mariposensis, Sclerocactus mariposensis) is a rare species of cactus known by the common names Lloyd's fishhook cactus, golfball cactus, silver column cactus, and Mariposa cactus. It is native to a small section of territory straddling the border between Brewster County, Texas, in the United States and the state of Coahuila in Mexico. It has been federally listed as a threatened species in the United States since 1979.

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Echinomastus mariposensis ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Echinomastus mariposensis, es una especie fanerógama perteneciente a la familia Cactaceae. Se distribuyen por Norteamérica.

Descripción

Es una planta solitaria, con tallo esférico y ligeramente cilíndrico, densamente espinosa, con los tallos azules y verdes que pueden alcanzar los 4-6 cm de altura y de 6 a 10 centímetros de diámetro. No tiene costillas presentes. Las areolas son delgadas y afiladas de 5 mm de largo, con 2 a 4 espinas centrales de color blanco, a menudo oscuras con la edad, de 1,5 a 2 cm de largo. Las 26-32 espinas radiales son blanquecinas de 4 a 6 milímetros de largo. Las flores son amplias, en forma de embudo de color rosa y de 2,5 de largo y alcanzan los 3 a 4 centímetros de diámetro. Los frutos son verdes y esféricos.

Distribución

Echinomastus mariposensis se encuentra en los Estados Unidos en el estado de Texas, y en estados mexicanos de Coahuila y Nuevo León.

Taxonomía

Echinomastus mariposensis fue descrita por John Pinckney Hester y publicado en Desert Plant Life 17(4): 59–60, f. s.n. (p. 60), en el año 1945.[2]

Etimología

Echinomastus: nombre genérico que proviene de las palabras griegas: "έχίνος" (echinos) de "erizos" y "μαοτός" (mastos) para el "pecho". Se refiere a las verrugas espinosas del cuerpo de la planta.

mariposensis: epíteto latino que significa "cactus mariposa".

Sinonimia
  • Neolloydia mariposensis
  • Sclerocactus mariposensis
  • Pediocactus mariposensis[3][4][5]

Referencias

  1. Heil, K. & Terry, M. 2013. Sclerocactus mariposensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. Downloaded on 24 May 2015.
  2. Echinomastus mariposensis en Trópicos
  3. Sinónimos en Cactiguide
  4. Echinomastus mariposensis en PlantList
  5. Echinomastus mariposensis en Desert Tropical

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Echinomastus mariposensis: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Echinomastus mariposensis, es una especie fanerógama perteneciente a la familia Cactaceae. Se distribuyen por Norteamérica.

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cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
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