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Nepenthes gymnamphora

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Nepenthes gymnamphora /nɪˈpɛnθz ɪmˈnæmfɔːrə/ is a tropical pitcher plant native to the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra. It has a wide altitudinal range of 600–2,800 metres (2,000–9,200 ft) above sea level.[3] There is much debate surrounding the taxonomic status of this species and the taxa N. pectinata and N. xiphioides.[4]

The specific epithet gymnamphora is derived from the Greek words gymnos (naked) and amphoreus (pitcher).[4]

Taxonomy

An illustration of the type specimen of N. pectinata from Danser's monograph

The N. gymnamphora group of related taxa has been variously interpreted as comprising a single extremely variable species (N. gymnamphora);[4][5][6] two distinct species, one from Java (N. gymnamphora) and one from Sumatra (N. pectinata);[7][8] or two species, one with a wide distribution covering Java and Sumatra (N. gymnamphora) and one with a very restricted range in Sumatra (N. xiphioides).[9] An additional fourth undescribed taxon, known from Mount Sorik Merapi in Sumatra, may also fall within N. gymnamphora.[4]

Nepenthes pectinata

Nepenthes pectinata[a] was described by B. H. Danser in his seminal 1928 monograph "The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies".[10] Danser's description of N. pectinata was based on material that included upper pitchers of N. singalana.[4] This was first noted in 1994 by Jan Schlauer and Joachim Nerz, who provided a lectotype for N. pectinata: Bünnemeijer 700, a specimen collected on Mount Talakmau.[8][11]

Danser mentioned another specimen in his monograph that he identified as the natural hybrid N. pectinata × N. singalana,[10] but which actually represented a pure N. singalana.[4][8]

Nepenthes pectinata has a separate conservation status of Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.[12]

Nepenthes xiphioides

Nepenthes xiphioides[b] was described by Bruce Salmon and Ricky Maulder in a 1995 issue of the Carnivorous Plant Newsletter.[9] The authors treated N. pectinata as conspecific with N. gymnamphora, and distinguished N. xiphioides from the latter based on a number of characters shown in the table below.

Infraspecific taxa

  • Nepenthes gymnamphora var. haematamphora Miq. (1851)
  • Nepenthes gymnamphora var. pectinata (Danser) Hort.Westphal (1999) in sched.

Natural hybrids

Notes

a.^ Nepenthes pectinata is pronounced /nɪˈpɛnθz ˌpɛktɪˈnɑːtə/. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word pectinata, meaning "comb-shaped".
b.^ Nepenthes xiphioides is pronounced /nɪˈpɛnθz zɪfˈɔɪdz/. The specific epithet is derived from the Neo-Latin word xiphius (sword) and the Latin ending -oides (resembling), and refers to the long, thin teeth lining the inner margin of the peristome of this species.[9]

References

  1. ^ a b (in Latin) Blume, C.L. 1852. Ord. Nepenthaceae. In: Museum Botanicum Lugduno-Batavum, sive stirpium exoticarum novarum vel minus cognitarum ex vivis aut siccis brevis expositio. Tom. II. Nr. 1. E.J. Brill, Lugduni-Batavorum. pp. 5–10.
  2. ^ Hooker, J.D. 1859. XXXV. On the origin and development of the pitchers of Nepenthes, with an account of some new Bornean plants of that genus. The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 22(4): 415–424. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1856.tb00113.x
  3. ^ McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sumatra and Java. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
  5. ^ a b McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
  6. ^ Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes gymnamphora. Carnivorous Plant Database.
  7. ^ Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.
  8. ^ a b c Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 2001. Nepenthaceae. Flora Malesiana 15: 1–157.
  9. ^ a b c d e f Salmon, B.R. & R.G. Maulder 1995. Two New Species of Nepenthes from North Sumatra, Indonesia. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 24(3): 77–85.
  10. ^ a b Danser, B.H. 1928. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, Série III, 9(3–4): 249–438.
  11. ^ Schlauer, J. & J. Nerz 1994. Notes on Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). I. Contributions to the Flora of Sumatra. Blumea 39: 139–142.
  12. ^ Clarke, C.M., R. Cantley, J. Nerz, H. Rischer & A. Witsuba 2000. Nepenthes pectinata. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 12 May 2006.
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Nepenthes gymnamphora: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Nepenthes gymnamphora /nɪˈpɛnθiːz dʒɪmˈnæmfɔːrə/ is a tropical pitcher plant native to the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra. It has a wide altitudinal range of 600–2,800 metres (2,000–9,200 ft) above sea level. There is much debate surrounding the taxonomic status of this species and the taxa N. pectinata and N. xiphioides.

The specific epithet gymnamphora is derived from the Greek words gymnos (naked) and amphoreus (pitcher).

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Nepenthes gymnamphora ( Indonesian )

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Nepenthes gymnamphora (/[unsupported input]nˈpɛnθz ɪmˈnæmfɔːrə/) adalah spesies Nepenthes yang berhabitat di pulau Jawa dan Sumatra. Ada banyak perdebatan mengenai status dari spesies ini dan taksa dari N. pectinata dan N. xiphioides.[1]

Nama latin gymnamphora berasal dari bahasa Yunani dari kata gymnos (berleher) dan amphoreus (kantong).[1]

Taksonomi

Sekelompok taksa yang terkait dengan N. gymnamphora di perkirakan adalah variasi yang luar biasa dari satu spesies N. gymnamphora;[1][2][3] dua spesies yang berbeda, satu dari Jawa (N. gymnamphora) dan satu lagi dari Sumatra (N. pectinata);[4][5]; atau dua spesies, salah satunya memilki penyebaran yang luas dari Jawa hingga Sumatra (N. gymnamphora) dan satu lagi memiliki penyebaran yang sangat terbatas di Sumatra (N. xiphioides).[6] Sebuah taksa keempat yang belum terdeskripsi juga ditemukan, yang berasal dari Gunung Sorik Merapi di Sumatra, juga mungkin masih merupakan (N. gymnamphora).[1]

Nepenthes pectinata

Nepenthes pectinata[a] pertama kali dideskripsikan oleh B. H. Danser dalam karangan ilmiahnya pada tahun 1928 "The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies".[7] Deskripsi Danser tentang spesies ini berdasarkan pada material yang termasuk kantong atas dari N. singalana.[1] Ini pertama kali dicatat oleh Jan Schlauer dan Joachim Nerz pada tahun 1994, yang menyediakan spesimen dari N. pectinata: Bünnemeijer 700, yaitu spesimen yang di koleksi dari Gunung Talakmau.[5][8]

Danser menyebutkan spesimen lain di karangan ilmiahnya yang di identifikasikan sebagai hibrida alami N. pectinata × N. singalana,[7] namun sebenarnya itu adalah spesies murni dari N. singalana.[1][5]

Nepenthes xiphioides

Nepenthes xiphioides[b] pertama kali di deskripsikan oleh Bruce Salmon and Ricky Maulder di Carnivorous Plant Newsletter edisi 1995.[6] Mereka menganggap N. pectinata dan N. gymnamphora adalah sejenis sedangkan N. xiphioides dianggap berbeda.

Taksa bawah jenis

  • Nepenthes gymnamphora var. haematamphora Miq. (1851)
  • Nepenthes gymnamphora var. pectinata (Danser) Hort.Westphal (1999) in sched.

Hibrida alami

Referensi

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
  2. ^ a b McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
  3. ^ Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes gymnamphora. Carnivorous Plant Database.
  4. ^ Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.
  5. ^ a b c Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 2001. Nepenthaceae. Flora Malesiana 15: 1–157.
  6. ^ a b c d Salmon, B.R. & R.G. Maulder 1995. Two New Species of Nepenthes from North Sumatra, Indonesia. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 24(3): 77–85.
  7. ^ a b Danser, B.H. 1928. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, Série III, 9(3–4): 249–438.
  8. ^ Schlauer, J. & J. Nerz 1994. Notes on Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). I. Contributions to the Flora of Sumatra. Blumea 39: 139–142.
Diagnosis taksa tidak lengkap
N. sp. Anipahan
N. sp. Luzon
N. sp. Misool
Kemungkinan spesies punah
N. echinatus
N. echinosporus
N. major
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Nepenthes gymnamphora: Brief Summary ( Indonesian )

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Nepenthes gymnamphora (/[unsupported input]nᵻˈpɛnθiːz dʒɪmˈnæmfɔːrə/) adalah spesies Nepenthes yang berhabitat di pulau Jawa dan Sumatra. Ada banyak perdebatan mengenai status dari spesies ini dan taksa dari N. pectinata dan N. xiphioides.

Nama latin gymnamphora berasal dari bahasa Yunani dari kata gymnos (berleher) dan amphoreus (kantong).

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Nepenthes gymnamphora ( Italian )

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Nepenthes gymnamphora Reinw. ex Nees, 1824 è una pianta carnivora della famiglia Nepenthaceae[2], endemica di Giava e Sumatra, dove cresce a 600–2800 m.

Conservazione

La Lista rossa IUCN classifica Nepenthes gymnamphora come specie a rischio minimo.[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b (EN) Clarke, C., Cantley, R., Nerz, J., Rischer, H. & Witsuba, A. 2000, Nepenthes gymnamphora, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020. URL consultato l'11/12/2019.
  2. ^ (EN) Nepenthes gymnamphora, in Plants of the World Online, Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. URL consultato l'11/12/2019.

Bibliografia

  • Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
  • McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

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Nepenthes gymnamphora: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Nepenthes gymnamphora Reinw. ex Nees, 1824 è una pianta carnivora della famiglia Nepenthaceae, endemica di Giava e Sumatra, dove cresce a 600–2800 m.

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Plikasis ąsotenis ( Lithuanian )

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Binomas Nepenthes gymnamphora

Plikasis ąsotenis (Nepenthes gymnamphora) – ąsoteninių (Nepenthaceae) šeimos vabzdžiaėdis augalas.

Endeminė rūšis.

Paplitęs Javoje.


Vikiteka

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Plikasis ąsotenis: Brief Summary ( Lithuanian )

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Plikasis ąsotenis (Nepenthes gymnamphora) – ąsoteninių (Nepenthaceae) šeimos vabzdžiaėdis augalas.

Endeminė rūšis.

Paplitęs Javoje.


Vikiteka

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