Common Names
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
cliff fendlerbush
false mockorange
fendlera
fendlerbush
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Description
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms:
capsule,
fruit,
shrubCliff fendlerbush is a native, deciduous, widely-branched shrub [
12,
22,
24].
It grows 3 to 9 feet (1-3 m) high [
4,
12,
22,
24]. The leaves are thick,
twisted, 0.2 to 1.6 inches (5-40 mm) long and 0.08 to 0.28 inches (2-7
mm) wide [
13,
24]. The flowers are solitary or two to three together at
the ends of short branches [
24]. The fruit is a four-celled capsule
which remains on the plant all year [
11,
13]. Cliff fendlerbush bark is
shreddy [
11]. It generally has deep roots [
4]. Cliff fendlerbush can endure
intense heat and considerable drought [
21].
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Distribution
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Cliff fendlerbush is found from the Sabinal River to the Pecos River in
scattered locations in Texas. It is common in the higher mountains of
the Trans-Pecos region. It also occurs in the Davis, Chisos, and
Guadalupe mountains; northward and westward into New Mexico, Colorado,
Utah, and Arizona; and southward into Mexico [
12,
22].
Distribution of cliff fendlerbush in the United States. Map courtesy of USDA, NRCS. 2018. The
PLANTS Database.
National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC [2018, July 6] [
20].
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Fire Ecology
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms:
competition,
cover,
fire occurrence,
fuel,
litter,
root crown,
shrub,
shrubsLittle information is available regarding cliff fendlerbush fire ecology and
adaptations. Erdman [
7] suggested that cliff fendlerbush probably recovers
after fire by sprouting from the root crown. Pinyon-juniper communities
where cliff fendlerbush is commonly found historically burned every 10 to 30
years, which favored dominance by grasses. However, for the last 70
years, heavy livestock grazing has reduced grass competition and fuel,
and shrub cover has increased. This has decreased fire occurrence and
lowered the intensity of fires that do occur [
27,
28]. On 23 grazed
transects in desert shrub communities where cliff fendlerbush occurs in the
Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico, shrubs had only 6.4 to 6.6 percent
cover. Bare ground cover was 33.8 to 42.4 percent, and litter cover was
6.1 to 12 percent [
25].
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Growth Form (according to Raunkiær Life-form classification)
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. More info for the term:
phanerophytePhanerophyte
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Habitat characteristics
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
naturalCliff fendlerbush is commonly found on rocky ledges and steep slopes of cliffs
and canyons at elevations of 3,000 to 7,000 feet (914-2,133 m)
[
16,
22,
23]. Cliff fendlerbush thrives on very dry, well-drained, poor soils
that may be rocky and/or alkaline [
4,
21,
22]. Less than 15 inches (38.1 cm)
of annual precipitation have been measured in its natural habitat [
4].
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Habitat: Cover Types
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. This species is known to occur in association with the following cover types (as classified by the Society of American Foresters):
238 Western juniper
239 Pinyon - juniper
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Habitat: Ecosystem
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. This species is known to occur in the following ecosystem types (as named by the U.S. Forest Service in their Forest and Range Ecosystem [FRES] Type classification):
More info for the term:
shrubFRES29 Sagebrush
FRES30 Desert shrub
FRES32 Texas savanna
FRES33 Southwestern shrubsteppe
FRES35 Pinyon - juniper
FRES34 Chaparral - mountain shrub
FRES40 Desert grasslands
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Habitat: Plant Associations
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. This species is known to occur in association with the following plant community types (as classified by Küchler 1964):
More info for the term:
woodlandK023 Juniper - pinyon woodland
K024 Juniper steppe woodland
K031 Oak - juniper woodlands
K032 Transition between K031 and K037
K037 Mountain-mahogany - oak scrub
K053 Grama - galleta steppe
K054 Grama - tobosa prairie
K058 Grama - tobosa shrubsteppe
K086 Juniper - oak savanna
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Importance to Livestock and Wildlife
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Cliff fendlerbush is browsed by goats, deer, bighorn sheep, and cattle [
12].
In the San Cayetano Mountains, Arizona, cliff fendlerbush made up 11 percent
of the white-tailed deer diet during the hot, dry season (April- June);
this season appears to be the most critical period of the year for deer
herds in the desert southwest [
1,
2].
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Key Plant Community Associations
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
shrubCliff fendlerbush is often found in desert shrub, pinyon-juniper
(Pinus-Juniperus spp.)/mountain shrub and blue grama (Bouteloua
gracilis) communities throughout its range [
7,
15].
Cliff fendlerbush is often found associated with oneseed juniper (Juniperus
monosperma), alligator juniper (J. deppeana), true pinyon (Pinus
edulis), wavyleaf oak (Quercus undulata), skunkbush sumac (Rhus
trilobata), mountain-mahogany (Cercocarpus breviflorus), and antelope
bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata) [
7,
15].
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Life Form
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
shrubShrub
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Management considerations
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Cliff fendlerbush decreases in response to grazing [
25].
Cliff fendlerbush has vesicular-arbuscular endomycorrhizal associations
[
6,
26]. These fungi increase cliff fendlerbush growth by increasing
phosphorus absorption [
26].
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Occurrence in North America
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
AZ CO NM TX UT MEXICO
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Other uses and values
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Cliff fendlerbush is grown as an ornamental. It is suitable for rock gardens
in well-drained, sunny situations, and has been grown as far north as
New England [
4,
12,
18].
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Palatability
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Cliff fendlerbush palatability is high for goats in New Mexico. It is closely
grazed by cattle in central Arizona [
21], and is a frequent diet item of
white-tailed deer in the San Cayetano Mountains, Arizona [
1,
2].
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Phenology
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. Cliff fendlerbush generally flowers from March through June, depending on the
location [
12,
22]. In the Trans-Pecos, Texas, cliff fendlerbush sometimes
flowers through August [
16]. Cliff fendlerbush fruits mature in July and
August [
22].
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Post-fire Regeneration
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms:
fire regime,
root crown,
secondary colonizer,
seed,
shrubSmall shrub, adventitious-bud root crown
Secondary colonizer - off-site seed
FIRE REGIMES : Find fire regime information for the plant communities in
which this species may occur by entering the species name in the
FEIS home page under "Find FIRE REGIMES".
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Regeneration Processes
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term:
seedCliff fendlerbush reproduces by seed [
4,
22]. Commercial production is
accomplished through seed that is stratified at 41 degrees Fahrenheit (5
deg C) for 60 to 90 days [
4]. Cliff fendlerbush can also reproduce via branch
cuttings [
4,
22].
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Regional Distribution in the Western United States
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. This species can be found in the following regions of the western United States (according to the Bureau of Land Management classification of Physiographic Regions of the western United States):
7 Lower Basin and Range
12 Colorado Plateau
13 Rocky Mountain Piedmont
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Successional Status
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic. More info for the terms:
climax,
cover,
frequency,
successionCliff fendlerbush occurs in nearly all stages of succession. It is most
common in mid- to late-seral communities. In Mesa Verde National Park,
cliff fendlerbush maximum cover and frequency was not reached until 80 years
after a fire in a pinyon-juniper community. In an adjacent 400-year-old
climax pinyon-juniper stand, cliff fendlerbush cover was only 2 percent;
frequency was 8 percent [
7].
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Synonyms
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Fendlera rupicola var. rupicola
Fendlera rupicola var. falcata Gray, sickle-leaf fendlerbush [
12,
16,
22]
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Taxonomy
provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
The scientific name of cliff fendlerbush is Fendlera rupicola Gray (Hydrangeaceae) [
12,
16,
20,
22,
24].
- bibliographic citation
- Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Fendlera rupicola. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/
Comprehensive Description
provided by North American Flora
Fendlera rupicola A. Gray, PL Wright. 1 : 77. 1852
Fendlera rupicola Lindheimeri A. Gray, PI. Wright. 1 : 77. 1852.
^ A branching shrub 1-2 m. tall or more, with gray striate branches, the bark ultimately somewhat shreddy, the twigs minutely pubescent ; leaves mainly approximate or clustered on short branches, the blades oblong to elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, mainly 2-4 cm. long, rarely smaller, faintly 3-ribbed, usually flat, more or less strigose, especially beneath when young, often nearly glabrous in age ; flowers solitary or 2 or 3 together, the pedicels sparingly pubescent at maturity ; hypanthium often sparingly pubescent ; sepals deltoid to triangular-lanceolate, 4-5 mm. long, or 7-9 mm. long at maturity, acute, pubescent; petals 17-21 mm. long, the blades 11-15 mm. wide, ciliolate, coarsely erose, abruptly narrowed into the claw, or truncate at the base ; capsule-body 11-15 mm. long, the persistent sepals reaching to beyond its middle.
Type locality: Along the Guadalupe, above New Braunfels, Texas.
Distribution : Colorado to western Texas, Arizona and adjacent Mexico.
- bibliographic citation
- John Kunkel SmaII, Per Axel Rydber, Nathaniel Lord Britton, Percy Wilson, Henry Hurd Rusby. 1905. ROSALES, PODOSTEMONACEAE, CRASSULACEAE, PENTHORACEAE and PARNASSIACEAE. North American flora. vol 22(2). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
Comprehensive Description
provided by North American Flora
Fendlera rupicola
Add the synonym: Fendlera falcata Thornber; Wootun & Staiidky, Contr. I'. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 129. 1913.
Add to the illustrations: Armstrong, Field Book W. Wild PI. 207; Clements, Rocky Mt. m.pl. 31, f. 11.
177. Insert:
la. Fendlera tomentella Thornber; Wooton & Standley, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb.
16: 129. 1913.
A much-branched shrub, mostly 1-1.5 m. tall, with gray ridged branches, the twi^s
finely pubescent; leaves mostly approximate or crowded on short spur-like branchkts;
blades lanceolate to ovate, 1-3 cm. long, obtuse or acutish, loosely pubescent ab
hoary-strigose beneath, more or less revolute; flowers on short densely strigose pedicels;
sepals lanceolate or deltoid-lanceolate, 3-5 mm. long, acute or slightly acuminate; petals
11-19 mm. long, the blades mostly 8-12 mm. wide, ovate to deltoid-ovate, crose and
ciliate, broadly curvate at the base; capsule-body 9-11 mm. long.
Type locality: Canon of the Blue River near Coopers Ranch, Graham County. Anzona. Distribution: Southern Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona.
- bibliographic citation
- Per Axel Rydberg. 1918. ROSACEAE (conclusio). North American flora. vol 22(6). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
Fendlera rupicola
provided by wikipedia EN
Fendlera rupicola, commonly known as the cliff fendlerbush or the false mockorange, is a shrub that grows in dry locations in the south central mountain regions of North America.
Description
The fendlerbush is a deciduous shrub that grows one to three metres tall. The branches are tough and wiry, grey with furrowed bark. The leaves are opposite, oblong, entire, thick and twisted, with three veins. The creamy-white flowers open at the end of short branches, either solitary or in groups of up to three. The four sepals are purplish, the four petals narrow to a claw at the base and there is a central boss with four styles and eight stamens. The fruits are capsules that remain on the plant for a long time.[2]
Distribution
This species is found in mountainous areas of Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah and Arizona and the northern parts of Mexico. It is common in the Trans-Pecos region and is also found in the Davis Mountains, the Chisos Mountains and the Guadalupe Mountains.[3]
Habitat
The fendlerbush typically grows in semi-arid conditions in blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis) communities dominated by pinyon pine and juniper. It is found growing on dry rocky slopes, in deserts and on mesas. It often grows in association with oneseed juniper (Juniperus monosperma), alligator juniper (J. deppeana), true pinyon (Pinus edulis), gray oak (Quercus grisea), skunkbush sumac (Rhus trilobata), mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus breviflorus) and antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata).[3]
Traditional uses
-
Navajo Natives use an infusion of the inner bark of this plant when they have swallowed ants.[4]
- Navajo Natives use this plant to kill head lice.[4]
- Navajo Indians use this plant as a cathartic.[5]
- Navajo Indians use this plant in their plumeway, nightway, male shootingway and windway ceremonies.[5]
-
Havasupai and Navajo Indians use the wood of this plant to make arrow shafts.[4][6]
-
Hopi Indians use the plant in religious ceremonies[7]
- Navajo Indians use wood from this plant to make notched and smooth sticks which are rubbed together in their mountain chant ceremony.[4]
- Navajo Indians use the wood to make weaving forks, planting sticks and knitting needles.[4]
- Navajo Indians use the plant boiled with juniper berries, pinon buds and corn meal in their mush-eating ceremonies.[5]
References
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Fendlera rupicola: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Fendlera rupicola, commonly known as the cliff fendlerbush or the false mockorange, is a shrub that grows in dry locations in the south central mountain regions of North America.
- license
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Wikipedia authors and editors
