dcsimg
Image of small-leaf climbing fern
Creatures » » Plants » » Polypodiopsida » » Climbing Ferns »

Small Leaf Climbing Fern

Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br.

Comments

provided by eFloras
Lygodium microphyllum is native to southeastern Asia and recently naturalized. The species may be very abundant locally and may climb to a height of 9 meters in trees. Sometimes it forms thick mats covering considerable areas at ground level (J. Beckner 1968; C. E. Nauman and D. F. Austin 1978).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 2 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Description

provided by eFloras
Stems creeping. Leaves to ca. 10 m. Petioles borne 2-5 mm apart, 7-25 cm. Sterile pinnae on 0.5-1.5 cm stalks, oblong, 1-pinnate, 5-12 × 3-6 cm; ultimate segments triangular-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, truncate to shallowly cordate or somewhat auriculate proximally, usually not lobed, but if lobed, lobes rounded at apex and not directed toward leaf apex; segment apex rounded-acute to obtuse; segments articulate to petiolules, leaving wiry stalks when detached; blade tissue glabrous abaxially. Fertile pinnae on 0.5-1 cm stalks, oblong, 1-pinnate, 3-14 × 2.5-6 cm; ultimate segments ovate to lanceolate-oblong, fringed with fertile lobes, otherwise similar to sterile segments.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 2 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Synonym

provided by eFloras
Ugena microphylla Cavanilles, Icon. 6: 76, plate 595. 1801
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 2 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Derivation of specific name

provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
microphyllum: small-leaved; unclear reference, no parts of the frond are smaller than that of other Lygodium species.
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
bibliographic citation
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=100620
author
Mark Hyde
author
Bart Wursten
author
Petra Ballings
original
visit source
partner site
Flora of Zimbabwe

Description

provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
Climbing fern. Rhizome creeping, rhizome scales linear, blackish-brown. Fronds spaced apart. Stipe and rhachis of an elongated frond function as the climbing stem, from which short secondary rhachises with an opposing pair of pinnae arise, apical bud densely covered with short brown hairs. Pinnae oblong, pinnate, glabrous. Sterile pinnules attenuate, up to 4.5 × 1.3 cm, oblong-lanceolate, base cordate, apex acute to rounded, margins minutely lobed. Fertile pinnules broadly lanceolate to oblong, base square, up to 3.5 × 2.5 cm with numerous protuding fertile lobes, up to 12 mm long; sporangia 10-12 pairs, arranged in 2 rows along the margins.
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
bibliographic citation
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=100620
author
Mark Hyde
author
Bart Wursten
author
Petra Ballings
original
visit source
partner site
Flora of Zimbabwe

Frequency

provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
Rare
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
bibliographic citation
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=100620
author
Mark Hyde
author
Bart Wursten
author
Petra Ballings
original
visit source
partner site
Flora of Zimbabwe

Worldwide distribution

provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
South Africa, through Mozambique and up the coast into much of tropical Africa; also in Asia, Australia and Polynesia.
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
bibliographic citation
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=100620
author
Mark Hyde
author
Bart Wursten
author
Petra Ballings
original
visit source
partner site
Flora of Zimbabwe

Lygodium microphyllum

provided by wikipedia EN

Lygodium microphyllum (commonly known as, variously, climbing maidenhair fern,[2] Old World climbing fern,[2] small-leaf climbing fern,[2] or snake fern[2]) is a climbing fern originating in tropical Africa, Southeast Asia, Melanesia and Australia.[2] It is an invasive weed[5] in Florida[6] where it invades open forest and wetland areas. The type specimen was collected in the vicinity of Nabúa, on the island of Luzon in the Philippines by Luis Née.[7]

Distribution

Distribution of the Lygodium microphyllum[8]

Lygodium microphyllum is native to much of tropical Africa and South Africa; tropical Asia, including China, Ryukyu Islands of Japan; Australia; Fiji, the Mariana Islands and Caroline Islands.[2]

Lygodium microphyllum has become naturalized in the Caribbean and South Florida.[2]

Effects on the environment

Lygodium microphyllum causes problems in the environments where it is invasive. The plant damages wetland ecosystems, harming endangered species.[9] The ferns ability to grow up and over trees and shrubs and to form dense horizontal canopies allows it to cover whole communities of plants, reducing native plant diversity. Old World climbing fern can grow in many diverse ecosystems.[10] Lygodium microphyllum poses problems for fires, both natural and man-made, because it can lead fire into the tree canopy, killing trees.[11] The fern rapidly spread in South Florida's public conservation lands.[10]

Containment

Recently, the USDA approved the use of insects to keep the fern contained. Insects (Austromusotima camptozonale, Neomusotima conspurcatalis) and mites (Floracarus perrepae) have been released in several state parks to control the fern. Although some populations were devastated by a bout of cold weather, recently, reports of new activity have been made.[9]

Ethnobotany

Lygodium microphyllum has been used locally in folk medicine to treat skin ailments and problems, swelling and dysentery.[12]

Other uses

Lygodium microphyllum fibers (as well as other species of Lygodium), known as nito, are used to weave traditional salakot hats in the Philippines.[13][14]

References

  1. ^ Irudayaraj, V. (2011). "Lygodium microphyllum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011: e.T194153A8883960. Retrieved 8 November 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Under its treatment as Lygodium microphyllum (from its basionym of Ugena microphylla), this species name was published first in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae 162. 1810. "Lygodium microphyllum". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved November 2, 2011.
  3. ^ Ugena microphylla, the basionym of L. microphyllum, was first described and published in Icones et Descriptiones Plantarum 6: 76, pl. 595, f. 2. 1801. "Ugena microphylla". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved November 2, 2011.
  4. ^ "Name - Ugena microphylla Cav. synonyms". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved November 2, 2011.
  5. ^ "Global Fire Initiative: Fire and Invasives". The Nature Conservancy. Archived from the original on 2009-04-12. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
  6. ^ Soti, Pushpa G.; Jayachandran, Krish; Koptur, Suzanne; Volin, John C. (2015). "Effect of soil pH on growth, nutrient uptake, and mycorrhizal colonization in exotic invasive Lygodium microphyllum". Plant Ecology. 216 (7): 989–998. doi:10.1007/s11258-015-0484-6. S2CID 17894584.
  7. ^ "Name - Ugena microphylla Cav". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved November 2, 2011.
  8. ^ Volin, John C.; Kruger, Eric L.; Volin, Valeria C.; Tobin, Michael F.; Kitajima, Kaoru (2009). "Does release from natural belowground enemies help explain the invasiveness of Lygodium microphyllum? A cross-continental comparison". Plant Ecology. 208 (2): 223. doi:10.1007/s11258-009-9700-6. S2CID 38267539.
  9. ^ a b Smith, Melissa C; Lake; Pratt; Boughton; Pumberton (June 2014). "Current status of the biological control agent Neomusotima conspurcatalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), on Lygodium microphyllum (Polypodiales: Lygodiaceae) in Florida". Florida Entomologist. 97 (2): 817–820. doi:10.1653/024.097.0268. JSTOR 24362579.
  10. ^ a b "Weed alert: Old World climbing fern" (PDF). myFWC.com. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. Retrieved November 30, 2020.
  11. ^ Rayamajhi, Min B; Pratt, Paul D; Leidi, Jorge; Center, Ted D (December 2014). "Austromusotima camptozonale ( Lepidoptera: Crambidae) herbivory results in frond and rhizome mortality of the invasive fern Lygodium microphyllum (Schizaeles: Lygodiaceae)". Florida Entomologist. 97 (4): 1308–1316. doi:10.1653/024.097.0405. JSTOR 24364092.
  12. ^ James A. Duke. "Lygodium microphyllum (SCHIZAEACEAE)". Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. Retrieved November 2, 2011.
  13. ^ Salakot and Other Headgear (PDF). ICHCAP, UNESCO.
  14. ^ "Lygodium (PROSEA)". Pl@ntUse. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lygodium microphyllum.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Lygodium microphyllum: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Lygodium microphyllum (commonly known as, variously, climbing maidenhair fern, Old World climbing fern, small-leaf climbing fern, or snake fern) is a climbing fern originating in tropical Africa, Southeast Asia, Melanesia and Australia. It is an invasive weed in Florida where it invades open forest and wetland areas. The type specimen was collected in the vicinity of Nabúa, on the island of Luzon in the Philippines by Luis Née.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Lygodium microphyllum ( Ukrainian )

provided by wikipedia UK

Будова

 src=
Дерева обплетені повзучою папороттю у Флориді
 src=
Прості та спороносні листочки

Витка папороть. Тіло сильно розгалужене, може досягати 30 метрів довжини. Має два види листочків — прості та спороносні. Останні відрізняються покрученим краєм, на якому розміщується спори.

Життєвий цикл

Густо заплітає дерева, затіняючи усі рослини під деревом. Становить небезпеку для дерева, на якому росте, оскільки при пожежах вогонь розповсюджується по папороті і переходить на крону дерева.

Поширення та середовище існування

Походить з Африки та Південно-східної Азії. Росте у болотистій місцевості. Завдає значної шкоди місцевим видам у Флориді. Міністерство сільського господарства США намагається використовувати комах (Austromusotima camptozonale, Neomusotima conspurcatalis та Floracarus perrepae) для боротьби з цим бур'яном.[5]

Примітки

  1. Irudayaraj, V. (2011) Lygodium microphyllum: інформація на сайті МСОП (версія 2011.1) (англ.) 26 January 2011
  2. а б Under its treatment as Lygodium microphyllum (from its basionym of Ugena microphylla), this species name was published first in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae 162. 1810. Germplasm Resources Information Network (September 10, 2008). Lygodium microphyllum information from NPGS/GRIN. Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Genetic Resources Program. Процитовано November 2, 2011.
  3. Ugena microphylla, the basionym of L. microphyllum, was first described and published in Icones et Descriptiones Plantarum 6: 76, pl. 595, f. 2. 1801. GRIN (November 5, 2002). Ugena microphylla information from NPGS/GRIN. Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Процитовано November 2, 2011.
  4. Name - Ugena microphylla Cav. synonyms. Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Процитовано November 2, 2011.
  5. Smith, Melissa C; Lake; Pratt; Boughton; Pumberton (June 2014). «CURRENT STATUS OF THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT NEOMUSOTIMA CONSPURCATALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE), ON LYGODIUM MICROPHYLLUM (POLYPODIALES: LYGODIACEAE) IN FLORIDA.». Florida Entomologist 97 (2).

Джерела

  • LYGODIUM MICROPHYLLUM // Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants, — University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences — URL
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Автори та редактори Вікіпедії
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia UK

Lygodium microphyllum ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Lygodium microphyllum là một loài dương xỉ trong họ Lygodiaceae. Loài này được Cav. R. Br. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1810.[4]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ a ă Under its treatment as Lygodium microphyllum (from its basionym of Ugena microphylla), this species name was published first in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae 162. 1810. GRIN (ngày 10 tháng 9 năm 2008). Lygodium microphyllum information from NPGS/GRIN”. Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Truy cập ngày 2 tháng 11 năm 2011.
  2. ^ Ugena microphylla, the basionym of L. microphyllum, was first described and published in Icones et Descriptiones Plantarum 6: 76, pl. 595, f. 2. 1801. GRIN (ngày 5 tháng 11 năm 2002). Ugena microphylla information from NPGS/GRIN”. Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Truy cập ngày 2 tháng 11 năm 2011.
  3. ^ “Name - Ugena microphylla Cav. synonyms”. Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Truy cập ngày 2 tháng 11 năm 2011.
  4. ^ The Plant List (2010). Lygodium microphyllum. Truy cập ngày 28 tháng 5 năm 2014.

Liên kết ngoài


Bài viết liên quan đến bộ dương xỉ Schizaeales này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI

Lygodium microphyllum: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Lygodium microphyllum là một loài dương xỉ trong họ Lygodiaceae. Loài này được Cav. R. Br. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1810.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI

小葉海金沙 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Lygodium microphyllum
(Cav.) R. Br.

小葉海金沙香港常見海金沙科海金沙屬的攀援草本蕨類植物。分部地區包括台灣福建廣東海南廣西雲南印度緬甸馬來西亞。小葉海金沙樹皮富含樹脂,可以從傷口分泌乳狀樹液,蔓生攀援可高達7米。莖細而弱,葉薄革質,不育葉矩圓形羽狀,可育葉小羽片卵狀三角形。

入侵種

美國佛羅里達大沼澤公園面臨生態浩劫,迅速侵略與破壞當地生態系統,如野火燎原一般難以收拾。

參見

外部連結


小作品圖示这是一篇與蕨類植物相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。
 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
维基百科作者和编辑

小葉海金沙: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

小葉海金沙是香港常見海金沙科海金沙屬的攀援草本蕨類植物。分部地區包括台灣福建廣東海南廣西雲南印度緬甸馬來西亞。小葉海金沙樹皮富含樹脂,可以從傷口分泌乳狀樹液,蔓生攀援可高達7米。莖細而弱,葉薄革質,不育葉矩圓形羽狀,可育葉小羽片卵狀三角形。

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
维基百科作者和编辑

イリオモテシャミセンヅル ( Japanese )

provided by wikipedia 日本語
イリオモテシャミセンヅル ARS Lygodium microphyllum foliage.jpg
胞子をつける小葉とそうでないものがある
分類 : 植物界 Plantae : シダ植物門 Pteridophyta : シダ綱 Pteridopsida : フサシダ科 Schizaeaceae : カニクサ属 Lygodium : イリオモテシャミセンヅル
L. microphyllum

イリオモテシャミセンヅルは、蔓になるシダ植物で、カニクサに似る。熱帯の植物で、日本では八重山諸島にのみ見られる。

特徴[編集]

イリオモテシャミセンヅル Lygodium microphyllum (Cavan.) R. Br. は、シダ植物門フサシダ科カニクサ属多年生草本である。同属のカニクサに似てになるが、こちらは常緑性である。

全体の形はカニクサと同じで、根茎は地面にあって、そこから出た葉がやたら細長く伸びて蔓になる。高さは数mにもなる場合がある。ただし草地に出ることが多く、あまり高くならずに横に広がるものが多い。主軸は次第に褐色を帯び、つやがあって丈夫になる。葉は理屈上は無限に伸び、その主軸から左右に羽片を出す。この羽片は一回羽状になるので、葉全体としては二回羽状複葉になる理屈である。

羽片には胞子葉と栄養葉の区別があり、胞子葉はややまとまってつく。栄養葉の小羽片は短い柄があって三角形から三角状楕円形というが、先端がごく丸いので小判型という方が似つかわしい様子をしている。鋸歯はない。羽片あたりの小羽片の数は数対程度と少なめ。葉質はやや堅くて厚く、表面は平滑、次第につやが出る。葉は緑色だが、どことなく青みを帯びたような微妙な色合い。

胞子葉は栄養葉とあまり変わらない形を元にして、その小羽片の周囲から胞子形成部が棒状に突き出たような姿。この棒状の突出部の両側に胞子嚢群が並ぶ。偽胞膜の切れ目が左右に並ぶ様子はヤモリの指先の裏側にも似ている。

生育環境[編集]

日当たりのよい草地に生える。あまり人為的な影響の強いところではなく、湿地の周辺とか、川の周囲などに見られることが多い。

分布[編集]

日本では八重山諸島にのみ見られる。国外では台湾、中国南部からヒマラヤ、さらには旧世界の熱帯を中心とする広い分布を持つ。

近縁種等[編集]

同属は世界の熱帯域を中心に40種ほどがある。日本ではもう一種、カニクサがあり、琉球列島ではその変種のナガバカニクサが普通である。全体に似た姿ではあるが、カニクサ(ナガバカニクサは特に)では栄養葉の小羽片の先端がとがって長くなること、荒い鋸歯が出ることが多いこと、羽片が二回羽状複葉になる点などで異なる。これらの違いは幼い植物体ではわかりづらい場合があるようである。

利害[編集]

 src=
フロリダ州南部でイトスギの上に広がる様子

日本ではカニクサほど雑草的に出しゃばることはない。利用面ではカニクサと同様に胞子を利尿剤として用いるなどの例がある。

ただし、現在ではアメリカ大陸に移入種として侵入し、非常に大きな被害を及ぼしている。

参考文献[編集]

  • 岩槻邦男編『日本の野生植物 シダ』,(1992),平凡社
  • 初島住彦『琉球植物誌(追加・訂正版)』,(1975),沖縄生物教育研究会
 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
ウィキペディアの著者と編集者
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia 日本語

イリオモテシャミセンヅル: Brief Summary ( Japanese )

provided by wikipedia 日本語

イリオモテシャミセンヅルは、蔓になるシダ植物で、カニクサに似る。熱帯の植物で、日本では八重山諸島にのみ見られる。

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
ウィキペディアの著者と編集者
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia 日本語