Gastrotrichs

Figure 2.Gastrotricha from St. Lucia beach, South Africa. Halichaetonotus sanctaeluciae sp. n., schematic drawings A dorsal view B ventral view (locomotor cilia omitted).

Figure 2.Pseudostomella dolichopoda sp. n. schematic drawing. Habitus as seen from the ventral side. CO caudal organ CP caudal pedicle DP dorsal papillae E egg FO frontal organ PhIJ pharyngeo-intestinal junction Pp pharyngeal pores T testicle TbA anterior adhesive tubes TbDL dorsolateral adhesive tubes TbL lateral adhesive tubes TbVL ventrolateral adhesive tubes VP ventral papillae.

Figure 1.Ptychostomella lamelliphora sp. n. schematic drawings. A Habitus as seen from the dorsal side showing the internal anatomy B Habitus as seen from the ventral side. CO caudal organ CP caudal pedicle CTbV cluster of ventral adhesive tubes E egg EG epidermal gland FL fleshy lobe FO frontal organ I intestine KSO Knob-like sensory organ LS lamellate scales PhIJ pharyngeo-intestinal junction Pp pharyngeal pores T testicle TbA anterior adhesive tubes TbL lateral adhesive tubes TbV ventral adhesive tubes.

Figure 1.Kijanebalola devestiva sp. n. schematic drawings. A Dorsal habitus B Ventral habitus, showing some internal structures. a anus alt antero-lateral tuft of cephalic cilia asb anterior sensory bristle ce cephalion ct cephalic tentacle dlvb lateral band of cephalic cilia extending dorsally and ventrally e egg I-IV, first to fourth band of trunk ciliature mvb median ventral band of cephalic cilia pcl proximal canal cell lumen PhIJ pharyngeo-intestinal junction ps patch of keeled scales psb posterior sensory bristle tsp terminal spines vlt ventro-lateral band of cephalic cilia.

Figure 2.Cephalodasys dolichosomus sp. n. dorsal and ventral views of a mature adult (Lt=772, LPh=215 µm) from Main Beach, Ras Mohamed National Park, S. Sinai, Egypt; dorsal with dorsal and lateral body cilia, digestive and reproductive tracts; ventral with adhesive tubes and locomotor ciliary bands.

Figure 3.Gastrotricha from St. Lucia beach, South Africa. Halichaetonotus sanctaeluciae sp. n., habitus A dorsal view B ventral view. DIC photomicrographs.

Figure 3.Pseudostomella dolichopoda sp. n. DIC photomicrographs. A habitus B close-up of the anterior region, dorsal view C Close-up of the anterior region, ventral view.

Figure 1.Schematic of Lepidodasys ligni sp. n. showing the crossed-helical scale pattern and a closeup of the musculature in the caudal region. Abbreviations: cg caudal gland; cm-pc circular musculature of the posterior constriction; co caudal organ; dh dorsal sensory hairs; eg mature egg; ep epidermal gland; fo frontal organ; in intestine; is interciliary scales; lc locomotory cilia; lh lateral sensory hairs; lm longitudinal muscle; pc posterior constriction; ph pharynx; TbA anterior adhesive tubes; TbD dorsal adhesive tubes; TbL lateral adhesive tubes; TbP posterior adhesive tubes; vllm ventrolateral longitudinal muscle.

Figure 2.Kijanebalola devestiva sp. n. DIC photomicrographs. A habitus B, C close-up ventral view of theanterior region showing the ciliary bands D close-up ventral view of the mid-trunk region showing the second ciliary bands E close-up ventral view, of the posterior region, showing the fourth ciliary bands (arrowheads) and the residual patch of spined scales (arrow).

Figure 14.Tetranchyroderma rhopalotum sp. n. A dorsal and ventral views of a mature adult (Lt=344, LPh=102 µm) from the Giftun Village Spit Outside, near Hurghada, Egypt; dorsal with tetrancrous surface (over half of the body), dorsal and lateral body cilia, and dorsal adhesive tubes; ventral with digestive and reproductive tracts, other adhesive tubes, and the locomotor ciliary band B dorsal tetrancre, with a separate scale bar.

Figure 4.Pseudostomella dolichopoda sp. n. SEM photomicrographs. A habitus, dorsal view B habitus, ventral view; C close-up of the anterior region, dorsal view D close-up of the anterior region, ventrolateral view E close-up of the posterior region, dorsal view F close-up of the posterior region, ventral view, arrow shows the two ventrolateral adhesive tubes borne from a common base.

Figure 3.The reproductive and muscular systems of Lepidodasys ligni sp. n. A Differential interference contrast photograph of the posterior end showing the accessory reproductive organs. B, C Confocal images (47 × 0.35 µm optical sections) of the musculature of the posterior end in lateral (B) and dorsal (C) views D Closeup of the caudal organ with DIC microscopy E Lateral view of an entire specimen revealing the muscular system (73 × 0.4 µm optical sections). Abbreviations: cg caudal gland; cm-co circular muscles of the caudal organ; cm-pc circular muscles of the posterior constriction; co caudal organ; coc caudal organ canal; dlm dorsal longitudinal muscle; dllm dorsal lateral longitudinal muscle; fo frontal organ; hm helicoidal muscle (end position on midgut); lh lateral sensory hair; ph pharynx; TbP posterior adhesive tube; scm somatic circular muscles (thoughout trunk); vllm ventrolateral longitudinal muscle.

Figure 3.Kijanebalola devestiva sp. n. DIC photomicrographs. A habitus of a gravid specimen B close-up view of the inside egg with the shell bearing spine-like ornamentation (arrowheads).

Figure 15.Tetranchyroderma sinaiensis sp. n. A dorsal and ventral views of a mature adult (Lt=423, LPh=146 µm) from the Na’ama Bay, S. Sinai, Egypt; dorsal with tetrancrous surface (over half of the body), dorsal and lateral body cilia, and dorsolateral adhesive tubes; ventral with digestive and reproductive tracts, oyher adhesive tubes, and the locomotor ciliary band B dorsal tetrancre C caudal organ, frontal organ and ovum; B. and C. with separate scale bars.

Figure 4.Kijanebalola devestiva sp. n. DIC photomicrographs. A habitus of a subadult specimen showing developing egg (arrow) B close-up dorsal view of the posterior trunk region showing the two sensory bristles (arrow-heads) C close-up dorsal view of the anterior trunk and neck regions, showing two pairs of sensory bristles.

Figure 16.Tetranchyroderma xenodactylum sp. n. A dorsal and ventral views of a mature adult (Lt=246, LPh=87 µm) from the Nabq, S. Sinai, Egypt; dorsal with pentancrous surface (over half of the body), dorsal and lateral body cilia, and TbDL; ventral with digestive and reproductive tracts, adhesive tubes, and the locomotor ciliary band B dorsal pentancre C the strange finger-like structure that protrudes laterally at the PhJIn; B. and C. with separate scale bars.

Figure 5.Kijanebalola devestiva sp. n. SEM photomicrographs. A habitus in a ventro-lateral view; note the arrangement of the first, second and third ciliary bands on the trunk region (number and arrows) B anterior region of a different specimen in a frontal view C close-up view of the mouth ring and cephalion (arrows).

Figure 17.Paraturbanella levantia sp. n. dorsal and ventral views of a mature adult (Lt=657, LPh=163 µm) from Bir Mesud, Alexandria, Egypt; dorsal with pestle organs, pattern of glands, dorsal and lateral body cilia, digestive and reproductive tracts; ventral with adhesive tubes and locomotor ciliary bands.

Figure 6.Kijanebalola devestiva sp. n. SEM photomicrographs. A anterior region of specimen with head partially retracted inside the body (ventral view) B posterior trunk region of different specimen, showing the fourth ciliary band and the anus (arrow) C close-up view of the posterior end showing the anus (arrow) and the residual patch of spined scales (arrows) D close-up view of the posterior end (dorsal view), showing theterminal spines and the sensorial bristles (arrows).

Figure 18.Turbanella erythrothalassia sp. n. dorsal and ventral views of a mature adult (Lt=486, LPh=166 µm) from Moon Valley, Hurghada, Egypt; dorsal with pattern of glands and dorsal and lateral body cilia; ventral with digestive and reproductive tracts, adhesive tubes and locomotor ciliary bands.

Figure 7.Neogossea acanthocolla. DIC photomicrographs. A habitus B anterior region showing the group of thick spines on the neck (arrow) C close-up of the posterior region of the trunk showing a tuft of long, barbed spines (arrow).

Figure 3.Cephalodasys saegailus sp. n. dorsal and ventral views of a mature adult (Lt=517, LPh=196 µm) from Sidi Abd al-Rahman, Egypt; dorsal with dorsal and lateral body cilia, digestive and reproductive tracts included, ventral with adhesive tubes and locomotor ciliary bands.

Figure 5.Dendrodasys rubomarinus sp. n. dorsal and ventral views of a mature adult (Lt=272, LPh=53 µm) from Giftun Island SE, near Hurghada, Egypt; dorsal with body conformation, dorsal and lateral body cilia and pattern of glands; ventral with digestive and reproductive tracts, pestle organs, adhesive tubes and locomotor ciliary bands.

Figure 6.Macrodasys imbricatus sp. n. dorsal and ventral views of a mature adult (Lt=544, LPh=232 µm) from Main Beach, Ras Mohamed National Park, S. Sinai, Egypt; dorsal with dorsal and lateral body cilia, digestive and reproductive tracts; ventral with pestle organs, adhesive tubes and locomotor cilia.