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Siberian Larch

Larix sibirica Ledeb.

Comments

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The timber is used for construction, bridge building, vehicles, poles, and making furniture, and the bark yields tannins. The species is also cultivated for afforestation and as an ornamental.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 35 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of China @ eFloras.org
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Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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eFloras.org
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Description

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Trees to 40 m tall; trunk to 80 cm d.b.h.; bark dark gray to dark brown, rough, longitudinally fissured; crown conical, branchlets not pendulous, yellow or yellowish gray, glossy, densely hairy when young, glabrescent; short branchlets densely grayish hairy at apex; winter buds subglobose. Leaves 2-4 cm, keeled abaxially, apex acute or obtuse. Seed cones purplish or reddish brown, rarely green, maturing pale brown or purplish brown, ovoid or narrowly so, 2.5-4.5 × 2-3.5 cm. Seed scales 25-40, ovate or narrowly rhombic-ovate, 1.5-2 × 1-1.8 cm, usually densely rusty brown pubescent abaxially, rarely subglabrous, apex obtuse. Bracts included, violet, oblong-lanceolate, 1/4-1/2 as long as seed scales, midvein elongated into a caudate cusp. Seeds light gray, obliquely obovoid, 1-1.5 cm including wing. Pollination May, seed maturity Sep-Oct.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 35 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
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eFloras

Distribution

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Xinjiang [Mongolia, E Russia]
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 35 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
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eFloras

Habitat

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Mountains, lowland taiga; 500-3500 m.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 35 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
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eFloras

Synonym

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Larix decidua subsp. sibirica (Ledebour) Domin; L. decidua var. sibirica (Ledebour) Regel; L. russica (Endlicher) Sabine ex Trautvetter; L. sukaczewii Dylis; Pinus larix Linnaeus var. russica Endlicher.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 35 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Larix sukaczewii

provided by wikipedia EN

Larix sibirica, the Siberian larch or Russian larch, is a frost-hardy tree native to western Russia, from close to the Finnish border east to the Yenisei valley in central Siberia, where it hybridises with the Dahurian larch L. gmelinii of eastern Siberia; the hybrid is known as Larix × czekanowskii.

Description

It is a medium-size to large deciduous coniferous tree reaching 20–50 m tall, with a trunk up to 1 m diameter. The crown is conic when young, becoming broad with age; the main branches are level to upswept, with the side branches often pendulous. The shoots are dimorphic, with growth divided into long shoots (typically 10–50 cm long) and bearing several buds, and short shoots only 1–2 mm long with only a single bud. It has bimorphic needles, with needles on new growth borne singly and arranged in a spiral around the branch and needles on older wood borne in clusters of 15-40 needles on short spurs. It is most easily distinguished from the closely related European larch by the shoots being downy (hairless in European larch). The leaves are needle-like, light green, 2–5 cm long, and turn bright yellow before they fall in the autumn, leaving the pale yellow-buff shoots bare until the next spring.

The male and female cones are borne separately on the same tree; pollination is in early spring. The male cones are solitary, yellow, globose to oblong, 4–8 mm diameter, and produce wingless pollen. The mature female cones are erect, ovoid-conic, 2–5 cm long, with 30-70 erect or slightly incurved (not reflexed) and downy seed scales; they are green variably flushed red when immature, turning brown and opening to release the winged seeds when mature, 4–6 months after pollination. The old cones commonly remain on the tree for many years, turning dull grey-black. The minimum seed-bearing age is 10–15 years.

Uses

Because of its rot resistance, larch wood is especially valuable for posts, poles, railroad tie sleepers, and mine props.

It is also used in many velodromes around the world as the track surface including the Manchester Velodrome[3] and the Velodrome Krylatskoye in Moscow.[4]

It is grown in Canada and the northern United States to a limited extent, first cultivated there in 1806. It was also introduced to Iceland and Greenland.

It is faster-growing than many other coniferous trees in cold regions, but requires full sunlight. When grown in plantations it should be kept widely spaced, and intensive thinning is required.

Resin of siberian larch (as well as of siberian cedar) is used as a natural chewing gum, which is commercially produced by several manufacturers in Russia.[5]

See also List of Lepidoptera that feed on larches

Larix sibirica cone scales are used as food by the caterpillars of the tortrix moth Cydia illutana.

Gallery

References

  1. ^ Farjon, A. (2013). "Larix sibirica". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2013: e.T42317A2971987. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42317A2971987.en. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
  2. ^ "Larix sibirica Ledeb". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
  3. ^ "Manchester Velodrome Track to be Replaced". Manchester Track News. britishcycling.org.uk. 2007-11-01. Retrieved 2008-02-28.
  4. ^ "UCI World Cup Classics" (PDF). UCI. Retrieved 2008-02-28.
  5. ^ Wild Siberian Larch Resin Natural Chewing Gum

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Larix sukaczewii: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Larix sibirica, the Siberian larch or Russian larch, is a frost-hardy tree native to western Russia, from close to the Finnish border east to the Yenisei valley in central Siberia, where it hybridises with the Dahurian larch L. gmelinii of eastern Siberia; the hybrid is known as Larix × czekanowskii.

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Wikipedia authors and editors
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wikipedia EN