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China Birch

Betula chinensis Maxim.

Comments

provided by eFloras
This species is one of the most valuable timber trees in N China. The wood is extremely hard and dense, close grained, very fine textured, and is used for making pestles and wagon axles.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 308 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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eFloras.org
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Description

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Shrubs to 5 m tall; bark black-gray. Branchlets brown or yellow-brown, densely villous. Petiole 0.2-2 cm, densely villous; leaf blade ovate, broadly ovate, or ovate-elliptic, 1.5-6 × 1-5 cm, abaxially villous, sometimes resinous punctate, sparsely bearded in axils of lateral veins, adaxially densely villous when young, base rounded or broadly cuneate, margin irregularly and doubly dentate-serrate, apex acute or obtuse; lateral veins 8 or 9(or 10) on each side of midvein. Female inflorescence subglobose, rarely oblong, 1-2 × 0.6-1.5 cm; peduncle 1-2 mm; bracts 5-9 mm, pubescent, ciliate, 3-lobed, lobes reflexed, middle lobe lanceolate, lateral lobes spreading, ovate, 1/3-1/2 as long as middle lobe. Nutlet obovate or ovate, with very narrow wings, sometimes horn-shaped at apex. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Jul-Aug.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 308 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
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eFloras

Distribution

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E Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi [Korea]
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 308 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
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eFloras

Habitat

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Broad-leaved forests in mountain valleys, shaded, rocky mountain slopes; 700-3000 m.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 308 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Synonym

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Betula ceratoptera G. H. Liu & Y. C. Ma; B. chinensis var. angusticarpa H. Winkler; B. chinensis var. nana Liou; B. exalata S. Moore; B. jiaodongensis S. B. Liang; B. liaotungensis Baranov.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 4: 308 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Betula chinensis

provided by wikipedia EN

Betula chinensis, commonly known as dwarf small-leaf birch,[1] is a species of birch that can be found in China and Korea on the elevation of 700–3,000 metres (2,300–9,800 ft).[2]

Description

The species is 5 metres (16 ft) tall with either yellow or yellowish-brown colour. Leaf blade is elliptic and ovate with a diameter of 1.5–6 centimetres (0.59–2.36 in) by 1–5 centimetres (0.39–1.97 in). Female species have a subglobose inflorescence which is also oblong with a diameter of 1–2 centimetres (0.39–0.79 in) by 0.6–1.5 centimetres (0.24–0.59 in). It peduncle is 1–2 millimetres (0.039–0.079 in) long while its bracts can be as long as 5–9 millimetres (0.20–0.35 in). Flowers bloom from May to June while the fruits ripe from July to August.[2]

Taxonomy

Betula chinensis occurs in both hexaploid and octoploid forms. It appears to be a triple hybrid between B. calcicola, B. potaninii and B. chichibuensis. It is placed in section Asperae, subgenus Aspera.[3]

References

  1. ^ English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. p. 373. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2016 – via Korea Forest Service.
  2. ^ a b "Betula chinensis". 4. Flora of China: 308. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  3. ^ Wang, Nian; Kelly, Laura J.; McAllister, Hugh A.; Zohren, Jasmin & Buggs, Richard J.A. (2021). "Resolving phylogeny and polyploid parentage using genus-wide genome-wide sequence data from birch trees". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 160: 107126. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107126. PMID 33647400. S2CID 232091362.
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Betula chinensis: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Betula chinensis, commonly known as dwarf small-leaf birch, is a species of birch that can be found in China and Korea on the elevation of 700–3,000 metres (2,300–9,800 ft).

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Wikipedia authors and editors
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wikipedia EN