Myriapods

Figure 11.Localities for Agathodesmus bonang sp. n. (filled triangles), Agathodesmus carorum sp. n. (open circles), Agathodesmus johnsi Mesibov, 2009 (star), Agathodesmus morwellensis sp. n. (filled squares) and Agathodesmus steeli Silvestri, 1910 (crosses). Mercator projection; ACT = Australian Capital Territory, NSW = New South Wales, VIC = Victoria. Inset shows location of main map.

Figure 15.Sphaeromimus ivohibe sp. n., holotype. A coxae and prefemora 1 with stigmatic plates B left leg 9 C coxae and prefemora 2 with gonopore and stigmatic plate D right anterior telopod, anterior view E right anterior telopod, posterior view ♀ right anterior telopod, lateral view G left posterior telopod, anterior view H left posterior telopod, posterior view. Abbreviations: Cx = coxa; Pre = prefemur; St = stigmatic plate. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Figure 12.Tylopus veliger sp. n., ♂ holotype. A, B right gonopod, lateral and mesal views, respectively. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.

Figure 3.A–E Left lateral views of anterior end. A Asticopyrgodesmus maiala sp. n., holotype B Nephopyrgodesmus eungella sp. n., male paratype ex ANIC 64-000231 C Notopyrgodesmus kulla sp. n., male paratype ex ANIC 64-000242 D Nephopyrgodesmus lanosus sp. n., holotype E Nephopyrgodesmus weiri sp. n., holotype F Nephopyrgodesmus weiri sp. n., male paratype ANIC 64-000251, dorsal view of anterior end. Images not to same scale.

Figure 13.Localities in far north Queensland for A Agathodesmus adelphus sp. n. (open circle), Agathodesmus agnus sp. n. (open triangles), Agathodesmus gayundah sp. n. (filled triangle), Agathodesmus hahnensis sp. n. (open squares), Agathodesmus kerensis sp. n. (filled square), Agathodesmus kirrama sp. n. (filled circles), Agathodesmus millaa sp. n. (star) and B Agathodesmus parapholeus sp. n. (open circles), Agathodesmus quintanus sp. n. (crosses), Agathodesmus sagma sp. n. (open squares), Agathodesmus summus sp. n. (open triangles), and Agathodesmus yuccabinensis sp. n. (filled squares). Arrow in A indicates questionable, disjunct locality for Agathodesmus aenigmaticus sp. n. Mercator projections; inset shows location of main maps.

Figure 1.Photographs of living Sphaeromimus. A Sphaeromimus musicus (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897) from Tsimelahy, upper left to lower left: red colour morph, black colour morph, normal colour morph, the similar looking sympatric Zoosphaerium blandum (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1902) B Sphaeromimus lavasoa sp. n. C Sphaeromimus andrahomana sp. n. cave specimen. Not to scale.

Figure 10.Tylopus veliger sp. n., ♂ holotype (A–K). A habitus, live coloration B, C anterior part of body, dorsal and lateral views, respectively D, E segments 10 and 11, dorsal and lateral views, respectively F, G, H posterior part of body, lateral, dorsal and ventral views, respectively I, J sternal cones between coxae 4, subcaudal and sublateral views, respectively K midbody leg.

Figure 4.Left lateral views of posterior end of holotype. A Asticopyrgodesmus maiala sp. n. B Asticopyrgodesmus lamingtonensis sp. n. C Nephopyrgodesmus eungella sp. n. D Notopyrgodesmus kulla sp. n. E Notopyrgodesmus lanosus sp. n. F Notopyrgodesmus weiri sp. n. Images not to same scale.

Figure 11.Localities for Agathodesmus bonang sp. n. (filled triangles), Agathodesmus carorum sp. n. (open circles), Agathodesmus johnsi Mesibov, 2009 (star), Agathodesmus morwellensis sp. n. (filled squares) and Agathodesmus steeli Silvestri, 1910 (crosses). Mercator projection; ACT = Australian Capital Territory, NSW = New South Wales, VIC = Victoria. Inset shows location of main map.

Figure 16.SEM, Endoterga of mid-body tergite. A Sphaeromimus ivohibe sp. n., paratype B Sphaeromimus saintelucei sp. n., holotype from Isaka-Ivondro C Sphaeromimus andrahomana sp. n., holotype D Sphaeromimus andrahomana cave specimen. Abbreviations: (1) = inner area with large spines and long setae; (2) = area with cuticular patterns; (3) = outer area with row(s) of marginal bristles and tergite margin.

Figure 11.Tylopus veliger sp. n., ♂ holotype. A, B right gonopod, mesal and lateral views, respectively C–F distal part of right gonopod, mesal, lateral, subcaudal and suboral views, respectively. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.

Figure 5.Right dorsolateral views of midbody, anterior to right. A Asticopyrgodesmus maiala sp. n., holotype B Asticopyrgodesmus lamingtonensis sp. n., holotype C Nephopyrgodesmus eungella sp. n., holotype D Notopyrgodesmus kulla sp. n., male paratype ex ANIC 64-000242 E Notopyrgodesmus lanosus sp. n., holotype F Notopyrgodesmus weiri sp. n., holotype. Images not to same scale. White circles: ozopore or porostele.

Figure 13.Localities in far north Queensland for A Agathodesmus adelphus sp. n. (open circle), Agathodesmus agnus sp. n. (open triangles), Agathodesmus gayundah sp. n. (filled triangle), Agathodesmus hahnensis sp. n. (open squares), Agathodesmus kerensis sp. n. (filled square), Agathodesmus kirrama sp. n. (filled circles), Agathodesmus millaa sp. n. (star) and B Agathodesmus parapholeus sp. n. (open circles), Agathodesmus quintanus sp. n. (crosses), Agathodesmus sagma sp. n. (open squares), Agathodesmus summus sp. n. (open triangles), and Agathodesmus yuccabinensis sp. n. (filled squares). Arrow in A indicates questionable, disjunct locality for Agathodesmus aenigmaticus sp. n. Mercator projections; inset shows location of main maps.

Figure 18.Sphaeromimus andrahomana sp. n.. A left leg 9, holotype B left leg 9, cave specimen C anterior telopod, anterior view D right anterior telopod, posterior view E left posterior telopod, anterior view ♀ left posterior telopod, posterior view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Figure 12.Tylopus veliger sp. n., ♂ holotype. A, B right gonopod, lateral and mesal views, respectively. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.

Figure 9.Nephopyrgodesmus eungella sp. n., male paratypes ex ANIC 64-000228. A Whole animal, left lateral view; scale bar = 1 mm B Anterior end, ventral view C Retracted gonopods, ventral view B, C not to same scale.

Figure 3.'Pseudo-paranotum' extremes. Lateral (A, C) and dorsal (B, D) views of midbody rings of Agathodesmus bucculentus (Jeekel, 1986) (A, B; no pseudo-paranotum; male ex ANIC 64-000332) and Agathodesmus gayundah sp. n. (C, D; wide pseudo-paranotum, p; male paratype ex QM S96038). Scale bars = 0.25 mm; A reversed (left-right) for clarity.

Figure 1.Photographs of living Sphaeromimus. A Sphaeromimus musicus (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897) from Tsimelahy, upper left to lower left: red colour morph, black colour morph, normal colour morph, the similar looking sympatric Zoosphaerium blandum (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1902) B Sphaeromimus lavasoa sp. n. C Sphaeromimus andrahomana sp. n. cave specimen. Not to scale.

Figure 10.Tylopus veliger sp. n., ♂ holotype (A–K). A habitus, live coloration B, C anterior part of body, dorsal and lateral views, respectively D, E segments 10 and 11, dorsal and lateral views, respectively F, G, H posterior part of body, lateral, dorsal and ventral views, respectively I, J sternal cones between coxae 4, subcaudal and sublateral views, respectively K midbody leg.

Figure 7.A, B Asticopyrgodesmus maiala sp. n., male paratypes ex ANIC 64-000220. A Ventral view (anterior at top) of left gonopod; c = aperture constriction, s = solenomere B Left lateral view of gonopods in situ C, D Asticopyrgodesmus lamingtonensis sp. n., male paratype ex ANIC 64-000217 C Left ventrolateral view of gonopods in situ D Close-up of view in C; s = solenomere. (See also Fig. 8A) E Nephopyrgodesmus eungella sp. n., male paratype ex ANIC 64-000231, ventral view of left gonopod telopodite; s = solenomere (see also Fig. 8B) F Notopyrgodesmus kulla sp. n., male paratype ex ANIC 64-000243, left lateral view of midbody porostele. Scanning electron micrographs of uncoated specimens; scale bars = 0.1 mm.

Figure 4.Metatergal setae on midbody rings. A Agathodesmus bucculentus (Jeekel, 1986), short bipartite seta with slightly flared tip (male ex ANIC 64-000332) B Agathodesmus quintanus sp. n., very long bipartite setae with slightly flared tips (male paratype ex QM S96066). Scale bars: A = 0.02 mm, B = 0.2 mm.

Figure 20.Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the COI dataset after 1000 bootstrap replicates under the GTR+I+G model. Habitus photograph shows Sphaeromimus andohahela from Manantantely. Colours used to separate species. Green colours = mid-elevation rainforest; Blue & Red colours, littoral and lowland rainforests; Yellow colours = southern spiny forest. See table 1 for more details about sequenced specimens.

Figure 11.Tylopus veliger sp. n., ♂ holotype. A, B right gonopod, mesal and lateral views, respectively C–F distal part of right gonopod, mesal, lateral, subcaudal and suboral views, respectively. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.

Figure 8.A Medial view of right gonopod telopodite of Asticopyrgodesmus lamingtonensis sp. n., paratype ex ANIC 64-000217 (see also Figs 7C, 7D) B Posterior view of right gonopod of Nephopyrgodesmus eungella sp. n., paratype ex ANIC 64-000231 (see also Fig. 7E) C Anterior view of left gonopod of Notopyrgodesmus kulla sp. n., QM S92795 D Medial view of right gonopod (retracted) of Notopyrgodesmus kulla sp. n., paratype ex ANIC 64-000239. Setation not shown; dashed line indicates course of prostatic groove. Drawings not to same scale.