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Lifespan, longevity, and ageing

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Maximum longevity: 10 years Observations: Gestation does not include a period of very slow development, which depends on the time of the year and can take up to 8 months, after which the rate of development increases and development is completed in about 3 months. Individuals have been known to live more than 10 years (Ronald Nowak 1999).
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Associations

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The pygmy fruit bat, being a frugivore, functions as a seed disperser, and may also be a pollinator while feeding from flowers.

Ecosystem Impact: disperses seeds; pollinates

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Huereca, D. 2002. "Haplonycteris fischeri" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Haplonycteris_fischeri.html
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Morphology

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The pygmy fruit bat gets its name from its small size when compared to other megachiropterans. The average mass of an individual is between 16 and 20 grams and the average body length is between 68 and 80 millimeters. These bats lack tails, have thumbs measuring up to 25 millimeters in length, and are cinnamon brown with a darker brown head. The number of teeth appears to be reduced in favor of larger individual teeth. The teeth have strongly developed transverse ridges and cusps (Nowak, 1999).

Range mass: 16 to 21 g.

Range length: 68 to 80 mm.

Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry

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Huereca, D. 2002. "Haplonycteris fischeri" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Haplonycteris_fischeri.html
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Life Expectancy

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Some individuals have been known to live over 10 years (Nowak, 1999).

Range lifespan
Status: wild:
10 (high) years.

Average lifespan
Status: captivity:
10 years.

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Huereca, D. 2002. "Haplonycteris fischeri" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Haplonycteris_fischeri.html
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Habitat

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Haplonycteris fischeri prefers primary forests and is rarely found elsewhere.

Range elevation: 0 to 1500 m.

Terrestrial Biomes: forest ; rainforest

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Huereca, D. 2002. "Haplonycteris fischeri" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Haplonycteris_fischeri.html
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Distribution

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Haplonycteris fischeri, also known as the pygmy fruit bat, or simply the pigmy bat, is found only in some of the Philippine Islands at altitudes ranging from below 100 meters to above 1,500 meters (Nowak, 1999).

Biogeographic Regions: oriental (Native ); pacific ocean (Native )

Other Geographic Terms: island endemic

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Huereca, D. 2002. "Haplonycteris fischeri" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Haplonycteris_fischeri.html
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Trophic Strategy

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As a frugivore, the pygmy fruit bat eats primarily fruits. It is known to feed on the fruit of Ficus, and most likely of plants of the genus Piper. In addition, it may depend on flowers during certain parts of the year (Heidemann, 1989).

Plant Foods: fruit; flowers

Primary Diet: herbivore (Frugivore )

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Huereca, D. 2002. "Haplonycteris fischeri" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Haplonycteris_fischeri.html
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Benefits

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Since Haplonycteris fischeri lives exclusively in the forest, it has limited interaction with humans, and as it favors forest over agricultural fields, it has little or no negative economic effect on farmers (Nowak, 1999).

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Huereca, D. 2002. "Haplonycteris fischeri" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Haplonycteris_fischeri.html
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Conservation Status

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Like many species confined to one type of habitat in islands, the Haplonycteris fischeri population is rapidly thinning. The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) states that deforestation is the reason for placing these bats on the vulnerable species (VU A1c) list. The IUCN defines VU A1c as having suffered a reduction of at least 20% over 10 years due to loss of habitat (Hilton-Taylor, 2000).

US Federal List: no special status

CITES: no special status

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern

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Huereca, D. 2002. "Haplonycteris fischeri" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Haplonycteris_fischeri.html
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Behavior

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Perception Channels: tactile ; chemical

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Huereca, D. 2002. "Haplonycteris fischeri" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Haplonycteris_fischeri.html
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Reproduction

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Males reach sexual maturity within 11 months, while females reach sexual maturity within 3-5 months. Females usually become pregnant as soon as maturity is reached. Most parous females ovulate between late May and early July, while most young females ovulate between August and September. This means that mating takes place in at least 6 months of the year, and probably more. Upon fertilization, the embryo implants in the mother's uterus, but development then dramatically slows for a period of up to 8 months. After this delay, the rate of development increases and development completes in approximately 3 months, making pregnancy last over 11 months. This makes Haplonycteris fischeri the bat species with the longest known gestation period (Heidemann, 1989). Parturition is followed by 10 weeks of lactation (Nowak, 1999). While many hypotheses have attempted to explain this postimplantation deveolpmental delay, it has been difficult to find concrete answers. In a different species, the hypothesis that the delay coincides with food availability has been tested by providing food in excess and elevating temperatures. Embryonic growth rate was not affected. During this investigation, a temporarily lowered level of plasma thyroxine concentrations was observed in the bats during part of the delay. Further testing using injections of thyroxin daily for up to 40 days also failed to increase the rate of development (Burns & Wallace, 1975). It has also been suggested that environmental cues may trigger the end of the delay, but photoperiod is the most likely candidate, and since the maximum daily change in photoperiod is only 40 seconds in the Philippine Islands, it is unlikely that it is responsible (Heidemann, 1989).

Breeding season: May-September

Range number of offspring: 1 (high) .

Range gestation period: 11 (high) months.

Average weaning age: 10 weeks.

Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 3 to 11 months.

Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 3 to 11 months.

Key Reproductive Features: year-round breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; viviparous

Average number of offspring: 1.

Parental Investment: altricial ; female parental care

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Huereca, D. 2002. "Haplonycteris fischeri" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Haplonycteris_fischeri.html
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Ratpenat frugívor de Fischer ( Catalan; Valencian )

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El ratpenat frugívor de Fischer (Haplonycteris fischeri) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels pteropòdids. És endèmic de les Filipines. El seu hàbitat són els boscos primaris de plana i de l'estatge montà, a més d'agricoles mixtos i boscos secundaris. Es creu que no hi ha cap amenaça en particular per a la supervivència d'aquesta espècie, tot i que algunes poblacions estan amenaçades per la desforestació.[1]

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Ratpenat frugívor de Fischer Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
  1. Ong, P.; Rosell-Ambal, G.; Tabaranza, B.; Heaney, L.; Duya, P.; Gonzalez, J.C.; Balete, D.; Ramayla, S.. Haplonycteris fischeri. UICN 2008. Llista Vermella d'espècies amenaçades de la UICN, edició 2008, consultada el 4 gener 2009.
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Ratpenat frugívor de Fischer: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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El ratpenat frugívor de Fischer (Haplonycteris fischeri) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels pteropòdids. És endèmic de les Filipines. El seu hàbitat són els boscos primaris de plana i de l'estatge montà, a més d'agricoles mixtos i boscos secundaris. Es creu que no hi ha cap amenaça en particular per a la supervivència d'aquesta espècie, tot i que algunes poblacions estan amenaçades per la desforestació.

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Fischer's pygmy fruit bat

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The Fischer's pygmy fruit bat or Philippine pygmy fruit bat (Haplonycteris fischeri)[2] is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae. It is monotypic within the genus Haplonycteris. It is endemic to the Philippines. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.[1]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Haplonycteris fischeri.
  1. ^ a b Duya, M.R.; Ong, P.; Rosell-Ambal, R.G.B.; Tabaranza, B.; Heaney, L.; Duya, P.; Gonzalez, J.C.T.; Balete, D.S.; Ramayla, S.P. (2021). "Haplonycteris fischeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T9690A22136653. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T9690A22136653.en. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  2. ^ named after Arthur Frederick Fischer
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Fischer's pygmy fruit bat: Brief Summary

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The Fischer's pygmy fruit bat or Philippine pygmy fruit bat (Haplonycteris fischeri) is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae. It is monotypic within the genus Haplonycteris. It is endemic to the Philippines. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.

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Haplonycteris fischeri ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Haplonycteris fischeri es una especie de murciélago de la familia Pteropodidae.

Distribución geográfica

Es endémica de las Filipinas.

Hábitat

Su hábitat natural son: zonas tropicales o subtropicales, de bosques áridos.

Estado de conservación

Se encuentra amenazada de extinción por la pérdida de su hábitat natural.

Referencias

  1. Ong, P., Rosell-Ambal, G. & Tabaranza, B. & Heaney, L., Duya, P., Gonzalez, J.C., Balete, D. y Ramayla, S. (2008). «Haplonycteris fischeri». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2012.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 16 de enero de 2013.
  • SIMMONS, N. B. Order Chiroptera. In: WILSON, D. E.; REEDER, D. M. (Eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3. ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. v. 1, p. 312-529.
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Haplonycteris fischeri: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Haplonycteris fischeri es una especie de murciélago de la familia Pteropodidae.

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Haplonycteris fischeri ( Basque )

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Haplonycteris fischeri Haplonycteris generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Pteropodidae familian sailkatuta dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)Mammals - full taxonomy and Red List status Ugaztun guztien egoera 2008an
  2. Lawrence (1939) 86 Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 33. or..

Kanpo estekak

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Haplonycteris fischeri: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Haplonycteris fischeri Haplonycteris generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Pteropodidae familian sailkatuta dago.

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Haplonycteris ( French )

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Haplonycteris est un genre de chauves-souris.

La seule espèce de ce genre est localisée aux Philippines.

Voir aussi

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Haplonycteris: Brief Summary ( French )

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Haplonycteris est un genre de chauves-souris.

La seule espèce de ce genre est localisée aux Philippines.

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Haplonycteris fischeri ( Italian )

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Il pipistrello della frutta pigmeo delle Filippine (Haplonycteris fischeri Lawrence, 1939) è un pipistrello appartenente alla famiglia degli Pteropodidi, unica specie del genere Haplonycteris (Lawrence, 1939), endemico delle Isole Filippine.[1][2]

Descrizione

Dimensioni

Pipistrello di piccole dimensioni, con la lunghezza totale tra 65 e 80 mm, la lunghezza dell'avambraccio tra 46 e 53 mm, la lunghezza delle orecchie tra 11 e 16 mm e un peso fino a 21 g.[3]

Caratteristiche craniche e dentarie

Il cranio ha un rostro corto ed ottuso, ed è privo dei fori post-orbitali, presenti in alcune specie affini. Gli incisivi superiori sono lunghi e robusti.

Sono caratterizzati dalla seguente formula dentaria:

1 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 Totale: 24 1.Incisivi; 2.Canini; 3.Premolari; 4.Molari;

Aspetto

La pelliccia è lunga e si estende leggermente sulle zampe e le membrane alari. Il colore del dorso è bruno-rossastro, le spalle sono marroni chiare, la testa è più scura, mentre le parti ventrali sono marroni, leggermente cosparse di peli argentati lungo la parte centrale dell'addome. L'avambraccio è ricoperto di peli chiari. I maschi hanno una massa ghiandolare su ogni lato del collo che secerne una sostanza oleosa color arancio e tinge la pelliccia circostante. Il muso è corto e affusolato, le narici sono tubulari e divergenti. Gli occhi sono grandi. Le orecchie sono corte e ben separate tra loro. Il pollice è insolitamente lungo. Le membrane alari sono attaccate posteriormente alla prima falange dell'alluce. È privo di coda e del calcar, mentre l'uropatagio è ridotto ad una sottile membrana lungo la parte interna degli arti inferiori.

Biologia

Alimentazione

Si nutre di frutti di specie native di Ficus e possibilmente almeno di una specie del genere Piper. È un importante dispersore di semi.

Riproduzione

Danno alla luce un piccolo all'anno tra la fine di maggio e i primi di luglio. La durata dell'allattamento è di circa tre mesi. Le femmine raggiungono la maturità sessuale dopo 3-5 mesi mentre i maschi soltanto dopo 10-11 mesi. L'aspettativa di vita in natura è di 4 anni.

Distribuzione e habitat

Questa specie è diffusa nelle isole filippine di Biliran, Bohol, Catanduanes, Cebu, Dinagat, Leyte, Luzon, Marinduque, Mindanao, Mindoro, Negros, Palaui, Panay, Samar e Sibuyan.

Vive nelle foreste primarie, specialmente alle medie altitudini tra 150 e 2.250 metri di altitudine, mentre è più rara nelle foreste secondarie. È completamente assente nelle aree agricole.

Tassonomia

Gli individui dell'isola di Sibuyan appartengono ad una specie distinta ancora non descritta[4].

Stato di conservazione

La IUCN Red List, considerato il vasto Areale e la popolazione abbondante ad altitudini elevate, dove le minacce sono minime, classifica H.fischeri come specie a rischio minimo (LC).[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b c (EN) Ong, P., Rosell-Ambal, G. & Tabaranza, B. & Heaney, L., Duya, P., Gonzalez, J.C., Balete, D. & Ramayla, S. 2008, Haplonycteris fischeri, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ (EN) D.E. Wilson e D.M. Reeder, Haplonycteris fischeri, in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3ª ed., Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
  3. ^ Ingle & Heaney, 1992.
  4. ^ Roberts TE, Multiple levels of allopatric divergence in the endemic Philippine fruit bat Haplonycteris fischeri (Pteropodidae), in Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, vol. 88, n. 3, 2006, pp. 329-349.

Bibliografia

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Haplonycteris fischeri: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Il pipistrello della frutta pigmeo delle Filippine (Haplonycteris fischeri Lawrence, 1939) è un pipistrello appartenente alla famiglia degli Pteropodidi, unica specie del genere Haplonycteris (Lawrence, 1939), endemico delle Isole Filippine.

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Haplonycteris fischeri ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Haplonycteris fischeri is een vleermuis uit het monotypische geslacht Haplonycteris uit de familie van de vleerhonden (Pteropodidae). De soort komt alleen voor op de Filipijnen.

Beschrijving

Haplonycteris fischeri komt algemeen voor in primair regenwoud, is zeldzaam in secundair bos en komt niet voor in landbouwgebieden. Het dier komt voor op 150 tot 2250 m hoogte en is het meest algemeen op 1200 tot 1500 m hoogte. De populatie op Sibuyan komt voor van zeeniveau tot 1325 m hoogte en is alleen gevonden in primair regenwoud. Doordat de ontwikkeling van het embryo ongeveer acht maanden stilligt na de innesteling, bedraagt de draagtijd 11,5 maanden, de langste van alle vleermuizen. Het karyotype bedraagt 2n=58, FN=66 voor dieren uit Biliran en Leyte. De totale lengte bedraagt 69 tot 78 mm, de achtervoetlengte 12 tot 14 mm, de oorlengte 12 tot 14 mm, de voorarmlengte 46 tot 52 mm en het gewicht 16 tot 21 g (gebaseerd op exemplaren uit het Kitangladgebergte).

Verspreiding en taxonomie

Het is de enige beschreven soort van het geslacht Haplonycteris. Dit geslacht is gevonden op Biliran, Bohol, Catanduanes, Dinagat, Leyte, Luzon, Marinduque, Mindanao, Mindoro, Negros, Panay en Sibuyan. De soort is ook - waarschijnlijk onterecht - gerapporteerd voor het eiland Palawan.

De populatie op Sibuyan verschilt zowel morfologisch als genetisch van andere populaties en wordt daarom als een (vooralsnog onbeschreven) aparte soort beschouwd, maar ook in de rest van de Filipijnen is er een sterke genetische variatie. Mogelijk bestaan er vijf soorten, steeds in verschillende gebieden: H. fischeri zelf op Mindoro, en onbeschreven soorten op Sibuyan, op Luzon en Catanduanes, op Negros en Panay en op Mindanao, Biliran en Leyte. Ook binnen deze groepen bestaat grote variatie.

Literatuur

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Haplonycteris fischeri: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Haplonycteris fischeri is een vleermuis uit het monotypische geslacht Haplonycteris uit de familie van de vleerhonden (Pteropodidae). De soort komt alleen voor op de Filipijnen.

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Haplonycteris fischeri ( Portuguese )

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Haplonycteris fischeri é uma espécie de morcego da família Pteropodidae. Endêmica das Filipinas.

Referências

  • SIMMONS, N. B. Order Chiroptera. In: WILSON, D. E.; REEDER, D. M. (Eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3. ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. v. 1, p. 312-529.
  • ONG, P.; ROSELL-AMBAL, G.; TABARANZA, B.; HEANEY, L.; DUYA, P.; GONZALEZ, J.C.; BALETE, D.; RAMAYLA, S. 2008. Haplonycteris fischeri. In: IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. . Acessado em 31 de dezembro de 2008.
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Haplonycteris fischeri: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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Haplonycteris fischeri é uma espécie de morcego da família Pteropodidae. Endêmica das Filipinas.

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Haplonycteris fischeri ( Swedish )

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Haplonycteris fischeri[2][3][4] är en däggdjursart som beskrevs av Lawrence 1939. Haplonycteris fischeri är ensam i släktet Haplonycteris som ingår i familjen flyghundar.[5][6] Inga underarter finns listade.[5]

Denna flyghund når en kroppslängd (huvud och bål) av 6,8 till 8,0 cm och saknar svans. Underarmarnas längd som bestämmer djurets vingspann är 4,5 till 5 cm och vikten varierar mellan 16 och 21 gram. Pälsen är kanelbrun till mörkbrun, huvudet samt axeln är ofta mörkast. På buken kan det finnas en silvergrå skugga. Arten har påfallande långa tummar vad den skiljer från närbesläktade flyghundar. Haplonycteris fischeri har även en avvikande tanduppsättning.[7]

Utbredningsområdet är Filippinerna. Arten vistas där i kulliga områden och i bergstrakter upp till 2250 meter över havet. Habitatet utgörs av fuktiga skogar, andra skogar och jordbruksmark med träd.[1]

Haplonycteris fischeri äter olika frukter. Honor av samma population föder sina ungar nästan samtidig. Efter parningen vilar det befruktade ägget upp till åtta månader och den egentliga dräktigheten varar cirka tre månader. Per kull föds allmänt ett ungdjur som dias ungefär tio veckor. Cirka 10 månader efter födelsen blir ungen könsmogen. Livslängden går upp till 10 år.[7]

På grund av skogsavverkningar i låglandet minskade beståndet där men hela populationen är inte hotad. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1]

Källor

  1. ^ [a b c] 2008 Haplonycteris fischeri Från: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 <www.iucnredlist.org>. Läst 2012-10-24.
  2. ^ Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (1992) , Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing
  3. ^ (2005) , website Haplonycteris, Mammal Species of the World
  4. ^ Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole (2000) , Common Names of Mammals of the World
  5. ^ [a b] Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (15 april 2011). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/haplonycteris+fischeri/match/1. Läst 24 september 2012.
  6. ^ ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Orrell T. (custodian), 2011-04-26
  7. ^ [a b] Ronald M. Nowak, red (1999). ”Fischer's Pygmy Fruit Bat” (på engelska). Walker’s Mammals of the World. The Johns Hopkins University Press. sid. 292/94. ISBN 0-8018-5789-9

Externa länkar

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Haplonycteris fischeri: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

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Haplonycteris fischeri är en däggdjursart som beskrevs av Lawrence 1939. Haplonycteris fischeri är ensam i släktet Haplonycteris som ingår i familjen flyghundar. Inga underarter finns listade.

Denna flyghund når en kroppslängd (huvud och bål) av 6,8 till 8,0 cm och saknar svans. Underarmarnas längd som bestämmer djurets vingspann är 4,5 till 5 cm och vikten varierar mellan 16 och 21 gram. Pälsen är kanelbrun till mörkbrun, huvudet samt axeln är ofta mörkast. På buken kan det finnas en silvergrå skugga. Arten har påfallande långa tummar vad den skiljer från närbesläktade flyghundar. Haplonycteris fischeri har även en avvikande tanduppsättning.

Utbredningsområdet är Filippinerna. Arten vistas där i kulliga områden och i bergstrakter upp till 2250 meter över havet. Habitatet utgörs av fuktiga skogar, andra skogar och jordbruksmark med träd.

Haplonycteris fischeri äter olika frukter. Honor av samma population föder sina ungar nästan samtidig. Efter parningen vilar det befruktade ägget upp till åtta månader och den egentliga dräktigheten varar cirka tre månader. Per kull föds allmänt ett ungdjur som dias ungefär tio veckor. Cirka 10 månader efter födelsen blir ungen könsmogen. Livslängden går upp till 10 år.

På grund av skogsavverkningar i låglandet minskade beståndet där men hela populationen är inte hotad. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.

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Haplonycteris fischeri ( Ukrainian )

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Морфологія

Морфометрія. Середні значення повної довжини тіла: 73,5 мм, довжина передпліч: 52,1 мм, вага 17,9 гр, хвіст відсутній.

Опис. Великий палець довгий, близько 25 мм у довжину, а задні ступні короткі, близько 13 мм у довжину. Забарвлення дається описувачем як корицево-коричневе на спині, блідо-коричневе в плечовій області, темніше в області голови, з легким відтінком срібла уздовж середньої лінії черева.

Спосіб життя

Діапазон поширення за висотою: 150—2250 м над рівнем моря. Це один з найпоширеніших криланових в первинних лісах, особливо на середніх висотах (1200—1500 м). Також присутній у суміші сільськогосподарського середовища проживання і вторинного лісу. Цей вид є важливим розповсюджувачем насіння. Йому характерна 8-місячна затримка в розвитку ембріона, потім слідує (починаючи приблизно з березня) три місяці швидкого ембріонального розвитку, що дає період вагітності 11,5 місяців, найдовший відомий в рукокрилих. Одне маля народжується, і період вигодовування молоком триває близько 10 тижнів. Самиці можуть завагітніти у віці від трьох до п'яти місяців.

Загрози та охорона

Немає серйозних загроз, хоча населення, особливо в низинах, знизилося в останні десятиліття в результаті руйнування місця існування в результаті вирубок, а також перетворення в інтенсивне сільське господарство, в той час як високогірні популяції не так сильно постраждали. Зустрічається в ряді охоронних районів.

Джерела

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Haplonycteris fischeri ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Haplonycteris fischeri là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi quạ, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Lawrence mô tả năm 1939.[2]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ Perry Ong, Grace Rosell-Ambal, Blas Tabaranza, J. Walston, D. Balete, E. Alcala, J. C. Reizl, S. Ramayla, J. Sedlock, R. Gomez, J. C. Gonzalez, N. Ingle & L. Heaney (2008) Eonycteris robusta Trong: IUCN 2009. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Ấn bản 2009.2. www.iucnredlist.org Truy cập ngày 7 tháng 2 năm 2010.
  2. ^ a ă Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. biên tập (2005). “Haplonycteris fischeri”. Mammal Species of the World . Baltimore: Nhà in Đại học Johns Hopkins, 2 tập (2.142 trang). ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  3. ^ Taxonomy browser (Epomophorus minor). Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Truy cập ngày 31 tháng 12 năm 2012.

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết họ Dơi quạ này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Haplonycteris fischeri: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Haplonycteris fischeri là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi quạ, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Lawrence mô tả năm 1939.

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簡果蝠 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Haplonycteris fischeri

簡果蝠學名Haplonycteris fischeri),哺乳綱翼手目狐蝠科單屬種,而與簡果蝠同科的動物尚有多尖齒果蝠屬(懷氏多尖齒果蝠)、錘頭果蝠、飾肩果蝠屬、頸囊果蝠屬等之數種哺乳動物

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簡果蝠: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

簡果蝠(學名:Haplonycteris fischeri),哺乳綱翼手目狐蝠科單屬種,而與簡果蝠同科的動物尚有多尖齒果蝠屬(懷氏多尖齒果蝠)、錘頭果蝠、飾肩果蝠屬、頸囊果蝠屬等之數種哺乳動物

 title= 取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=簡果蝠&oldid=48254557分类IUCN易危物种狐蝠科隐藏分类:TaxoboxLatinName本地相关图片与维基数据相同含有拉丁語的條目
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피셔피그미과일박쥐 ( Korean )

provided by wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

피셔피그미과일박쥐 또는 필리핀피그미과일박쥐(Haplonycteris fischeri)는 큰박쥐과에 속하는 박쥐의 일종이다. 피셔피그미과일박쥐속(Haplonycteris)의 유일종이다.[2] 필리핀의 토착종이다. 자연 서식지는 아열대 또는 열대 건조림이다. 서식지 감소로 멸종 위협을 받고 있다.[1]

각주

  1. Ong, P., Rosell-Ambal, G. & Tabaranza, B. & Heaney, L., Duya, P., Gonzalez, J.C., Balete, D. & Ramayla, S. (2008). Harpyionycteris fischeri. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species doi 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T9690A13009403.en
  2. 학명은 피셔(Arthur Frederick Fischer)에서 유래했다.
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