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Un pescador amb un salmó rosat
El salmó rosat del Pacífic (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) és una espècie de peix de la família dels salmònids i de l'ordre dels salmoniformes.
Morfologia
Alimentació
Els alevins mengen crisàlides i larves d'insectes quan es troben a l'aigua dolça, mentre que si es troben al mar es nodreixen de copèpodes i larves de tunicats. Més tard, i a mesura que van creixent, menjaran amfípodes, eufausiacis i peixos.[6] També es nodreixen d'ostràcodes, larves de decàpodes, cirrípedes, tunicats i dípters.[5][7]
Depredadors
És depredat per Oncorhynchus mykiss, Alepisaurus ferox, Anotopterus nikparini, Cottus aleuticus, Cottus asper, Megalocottus platycephalus, Osmerus mordax dentex, Platichthys stellatus, Oncorhynchus clarki, Oncorhynchus kisutch, Salvelinus leucomaenis leucomaenis, Salvelinus malma malma, Lamna ditropis i Balaenoptera acutorostrata.[8][9][10]
Hàbitat
Viu a zones d'aigües dolces, salobres i marines (79°N-29°N, 5°E-114°W) fins a una fondària de 250 m.[11]
Distribució geogràfica
Es troba a Alaska,[12] les Illes Aleutianes,[13] les conques compreses entre els Territoris del Nord-oest canadencs i el sud de Califòrnia (Estats Units), el Mar de Bering, el Mar d'Okhotsk,[14] l'est de Corea[15] i Hokkaido (Japó).[16] Ha estat introduït a l'Iran.[17][5]
Longevitat
Arriba a viure 3 anys.[6]
Interès gastronòmic
Es comercialitza enllaunat,[18] fresc, fumat i congelat. Es consumeix al vapor, fregit, rostit, bullit, al microones i al forn. També és apreciat pel seu caviar, sobretot al Japó.[19]
Referències
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↑ Suckley G., 1861. Notices of certain new species of North American Salmonidae, chiefly in the collection of the N. W. Boundary Commission, in charge of Archibald Campbell, Esq., Commissioner of the United States, collected by Doctor C. B. R. Kennerly, naturalist to the... Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y. v. 7 (art. 30). 306-313.
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↑ Walbaum, J. J., 1792. Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium. In quibus systema totum ichthyologiae proponitur cum classibus, ordinibus, generum characteribus, specierum differentiis, observationibus plurimis. Redactis speciebus 242 ad genera 52. Ichthyologiae pars III. Ant. Ferdin. Rose, Grypeswaldiae (Greifswald). Artedi Piscium Pt. 3: (i-viii) + 1-723, Pls. 1-3.
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↑ «Oncorhynchus gorbuscha». Catalogue of Life. (anglès) (anglès)
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↑ Lamb, A. i P. Edgell, 1986. Coastal fishes of the Pacific northwest. Harbour Publishing Co. Ltd., B.C., Canadà. 224 p.
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↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 FishBase (anglès)
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↑ 6,0 6,1 Morrow, J.E., 1980. The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248p.
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↑ Zadorina, V.M., 1989. Importance of adult insects in the diet of young trout and salmon. J. Ichthyol. 29(1):49-55.
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↑ FishBase (anglès)
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↑ Dobrynina, M.V., S.A. Gorshkov i N.M. Kinas, 1989. Effect of density of juvenile pink salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, on their vulnerability to predators in the Utka River (Kamchatka). J. Ichthyol. 29(1):148-155.
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↑ Dobrynina, M.V., S.A. Gorshkov i N.M. Kinas, 1988. Feeding intensity of predatory fishes as dependent on concentration density of downstream migrants of young pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha in the Utka R. of the western Kamchatka. J. Ichthyol. 28(6):971-977.
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↑ Fedorov, V.V., I.A. Chereshnev, M.V. Nazarkin, A.V. Shestakov i V.V. Volobuev, 2003. Catalog of marine and freswater fishes of the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk. Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 2003. 204 p.
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↑ Quast, J.C. i E.L. Hall, 1972. List of fishes of Alaska and adjacent waters with a guide to some of their literature. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS SSRF-658, 47 p.
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↑ Scott, W.B. i E.J. Crossman, 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 184:1-966.
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↑ Gorbatenko, K.M. i V.I. Chuchukalo, 1989. Feeding and daily food consumption of Pacific salmon of the genus Oncorhynchus in the Okhotsk Sea during summer and autumn. Vopr. Ikhtiol. 3:456-464.
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↑ Jang, M.-H., J.-G. Kim, S.-B. Park, K.-S. Jeong, G.-I. Cho i G.-J. Joo, 2002. The current status of the distribution of introduced fish in large river systems of South Korea. Internat. Rev. Hydrobiol. 87(2-3): 319-328.
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↑ Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno i T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tòquio, Japó. 437 p.
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↑ Coad, B.W., 1995. Encyclopedia of Canadian fishes. Canadian Museum of Nature and Canadian Sportfishing Productions Inc. Singapur.
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↑ Scott, W.B. i E.J. Crossman, 1973.
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↑ Frimodt, C., 1995. Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, Anglaterra. 215 p.
Bibliografia
- Allendorf, F.W. i G.H. Thorgaard, 1984. Tetraploidy and the evolution of Salmonid fishes. p. 1-53. A B.J. Turner (ed.) Evolutionary genetics of fishes. Plenum Publishing Corporation, Nova York, Estats Units.
- Andriyashev, A.P. i N.V. Chernova, 1995. Annotated list of fishlike vertebrates and fish of the arctic seas and adjacent waters. J. Ichthyol. 35(1):81-123.
- Berg, L.S., 1962. Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volum 1, quarta edició. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem, Israel.
- Bogutskaya, N.G. i A.M. Naseka, 2002. An overview of nonindigenous fishes in inland waters of Russia. Proc. Zool. Inst. Russ. Acad. Sci. 296:21-30.
- Donnelly, R.F., 1983. Factors affecting the abundance of Kodiak Archipelago pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Walbaum). Ph.D. thesis. University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. 157 p.
- Eschmeyer, William N.: Genera of Recent Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. iii + 697. ISBN 0-940228-23-8 (1990).
- Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. 2905. ISBN 0-940228-47-5.
- Esteve, M. i D. A. McLennan, 2007: The phyloeny of Oncorhynchus (Euteleostei: Salmonidae) based on behavioral and life history characters. Copeia 2007 (núm. 3): 520-533.
- Helfman, G., B. Collette i D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts (Estats Units), 1997.
- Holcík, J., 1991. Fish introductions in Europe with particular reference to its central and eastern part. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48 (Suppl. 1):13-23.
- Hugg, D.O., 1996. MAPFISH georeferenced mapping database. Freshwater and estuarine fishes of North America. Life Science Software. Dennis O. and Steven Hugg, 1278 Turkey Point Road, Edgewater (Maryland), Estats Units.
- Jordan, D.S. i B.W. Evermann, 1896. The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the isthmus of Panama. Part I. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. 47:1-1240.
- Kanid'yev, A.N., G.M. Kostyunin i S.A. Salmin, 1970. Hatchery propagation of the pink and chum salmons as a means of increasing the salmon stocks of Sakhalin. J. Ichthyol. 10:249-259.
- Karpenko, V.I., 1982. Diurnal feeding rhythm of young salmon during the initial stage of marine life. J. Ichthyol. 22(2):131-134.
- * Lever, C., 1996. Naturalized fishes of the world. Academic Press, Califòrnia, Estats Units. 408 p.
- Moyle, P. i J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a edició, Upper Saddle River, Nova Jersey, Estats Units: Prentice-Hall. Any 2000. ISBN 0-13-011282-8.
- Murua, H. i F. Saborido-Rey, 2003. Female reproductive strategies of marine fish species of the North Atlantic. J. Northwest Atl. Fish. Sci. 33:23-31.
- Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a edició. Nova York, Estats Units: John Wiley and Sons. Any 1994.
- Nikiforov, S.N., A.F. Grishin, A.V. Zakharov i G.N. Shelepakha, 1997. The composition of ichthyofauna and distribution of fish in the basins of the Poronai and Tym' Rivers (Sakhalin). J. Ichthyol. 37(5):351-359.
- Ricker, W.E., 1964. Ocean growth and mortality of pink and chum salmon. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 21(5):905-931.
- Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174.
- Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Pub. (20):183 p.
- Simon, R.C., 1963. Chromosome morphology and species evolution in the five North American species of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus). J. Morphol. 112:77-97.
- Stearley, R. F. i G. R. Smith, 1993: Phylogeny of the Pacific trouts and salmons (Oncorhynchus) and genera of the family Salmonidae. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society v. 122 (núm. 1): 1-33.
- Vasil'ev, V.P., 1980. Chromosome numbers in fish-like vertebrates and fish. J. Ichthyol. 20(3):1-38.
- Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a edició, Londres: Macdonald. Any 1985. ISBN 0-356-10715-9.
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