Diagnostic Description
provided by Fishbase
This species is distinguished by the following characters: D VI (rarely V or VII),26-29(modally 27); A II,27-30 (rarely 27 or 30); pectoral rays usually 17; body depths of adults 2.6-3.0 in SL; head dorsal profile sloping and smoothly convex (forehead no horn nor protuberances); two large peduncular plates, the keels with forward-projecting points in adults; caudal fin emaginate in young and truncate in adults; body brown to bluish gray, ventral half yellowish gray to yellow, the demarcation along middle of side often abrupt and irregular; edge of opercle and preopercle usually with a dark brown band; margin of lower lip broadly white with upper surface of tongue black in adults; gill rakers are blackish basally; blue caudal fin with a broad, brownish yellow, posterior border which narrows toward corners of fin; it is capable of changing overall into light grayish blue, as when at a cleaning station; when in courtship the males quickly display a broad, bluish white zone on the nape and anterior part of the body , followed by narrow bars of the same color that extend onto lower side (Ref. 54980).Description: Characterized further by yellow forehead; pelvic fins yellow; caudal peduncle with pair of bony plates, each with sharp forward projecting keel; large adult male with prolonged filaments on caudal fin lobes; greatest depth of body 2.2-2.7 in SL (Ref. 90102).
- Recorder
- Cristina V. Garilao
Life Cycle
provided by Fishbase
Probably spawn in pairs (Ref. 240).
Morphology
provided by Fishbase
Dorsal spines (total): 6; Dorsal soft rays (total): 26 - 29; Analspines: 2; Analsoft rays: 27 - 30
- Recorder
- Cristina V. Garilao
Trophic Strategy
provided by Fishbase
Found in areas of coral, rock, or rubble of lagoon and seaward reefs, Ref. 48637. Adults usually in small groups. Juveniles in shallow rocky reefs, sometimes in small aggregations mixed with other acanthurids of similar size (Ref. 48637). Feeds mainly on leafy brown algae (Sargassum and Dictyota). Sometimes in large aggregations (Ref. 37792). The species is very seldom poisonous (Ref. 4795). Herbivorous (Ref. 43650). Individuals are generally "home-ranging", each occupying large sections of reef, where they forage for leafy brown seaweeds such as Sargassum (Ref. 54301). Also Ref. 58534.
Biology
provided by Fishbase
Found in areas of coral, rock, or rubble of lagoon and seaward reefs, Ref. 48637. Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Adults usually in small groups. Juveniles in shallow rocky reefs, sometimes in small aggregations mixed with other acanthurids of similar size (Ref. 48637). Feed mainly on leafy brown algae (Sargassum and Dictyota). Sometimes in large aggregations (Ref. 37792). Very seldom poisonous (Ref. 4795). Pair-spawning has been observed.
Importance
provided by Fishbase
fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family
分布
provided by The Fish Database of Taiwan
廣泛分布於印度-太平洋水域，西起紅海、非洲東部，東至土木土群島，北至日本，南至澳洲大堡礁及新加勒多尼亞。台灣目前除西部海域外，其餘各地海域及離島礁岸均有記錄。
利用
provided by The Fish Database of Taiwan
一般以流刺網、延繩釣或潛水鏢魚法等捕獲。觀賞及食用兼具。剝皮後，煮薑絲湯，肉質鮮美。尾柄上骨質盾板非常銳利，易傷人，處理時需小心。因食物鰱之關係，可能具熱帶海魚毒。
描述
provided by The Fish Database of Taiwan
體呈卵圓形而側扁，且不隨年齡而改變；尾柄部有二個盾狀骨板，各有一個龍骨突。頭小，頭背斜直，隨著成長，成魚在前頭部無角狀突起，亦無瘤狀突起。口小，端位，上下頜各具一列齒，齒稍側扁略圓，兩側或有鋸狀齒。背鰭及臀鰭硬棘尖銳，分別具VI棘及II棘，各鰭條皆不延長；尾鰭彎月形，雄性成魚之上下鰭條延長為絲狀。體灰褐色，吻部上方之頸部為黑色；眼後方及上方另具一個黃色區塊；由眼下緣至口角有1條黃色帶；鼻孔邊緣白色；唇部橘黃色。背鰭內側黑色，外側乳白色；臀鰭與體側同色，但幼魚時為橘黃或黃色；尾鰭黑褐色而具黃色光澤。尾柄棘橘黃色。
棲地
provided by The Fish Database of Taiwan
棲息於珊瑚礁、岩礁區或碎石底之潟湖區，常於礁區上方或中水層活動，棲息深度在90公尺以內。以葉狀褐藻為主食。
Naso lituratus
provided by wikipedia EN
Naso lituratus is a species of fish in the family Acanthuridae, the tangs and unicornfishes. Its common names include barcheek unicornfish, naso tang, and orange-spine unicornfish.[1]
Unique to members of Acanthuridae, including Naso lituratus, are the Epulopiscium bacteria. These bacteria influence the digestion of Naso lituratus, helping them process the algae in their diet.[2][3][4]
Naso lituratus can be found in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. This species can be easily recognised by two bright orange forward-hooked spines on the caudal peduncle (the tail base), its orange lips and black face mask. The body is brownish grey with yellow nape and there is a broad black band on the dorsal fin. It reaches about 45 cm in length.[5]
It can be found on coral reefs, often in pairs.
Description and biology
The features of Naso lituratus include orange lips, a caudal peduncle with a brash-hooked spine, and a black face mask. The descriptions of these features include one dorsal fin on top of head and is encircled by a broad black band around 45 centimeters long. They barely grow in size. Long anal fin with II spines and 28–30 soft rays, and a continuous, unnotched dorsal fin with VI spines and 27–30 soft rays. Contains 8 to 9 gill rakers on the lower leg whereas the upper limb has 4. There are 6 spines in total, each with 26–29 soft rays. Adipose fins don't exist. There is one anal fin, two spines overall, and between 27 and 30 soft rays on it. The pectoral and pelvic fins are two of its paired fins. The pectoral fin contains 17–18 soft rays and 0 spines. The pelvic fin has a single spine and three soft rays. In adult males, the lobe's apex produces a lengthy filament. Caudal fin is lunate or crescent-shaped. Two sharp blades that point forward are on the caudal peduncle. In Juveniles, their blades are not fully grown, as they have a stifling gray-brown tint with black, yellow, and white patterns. No forehead "horns" or front protuberance that can be seen in certain other Acanthuridae species.[6]
Distribution and habitat
The Location of the Naso Lituratus lay in the East Indian and Pacific Ocean, with their habitat is living in the coral reefs that lay around in those specified oceans. The reproduction of this species are that the sexes are separate among the Acanthuridae and have distinct differences in size. Spawning occurs year round in Guam. They need high oxygen levels, strong water currents, same companions and need to feed on wild algae. Their self defense tactic are that their naso tangs will extend their strong tail spines to strike any approaching predators.
Human use
Humans have barely any use of Naso lituratus other than the fact that they are very good to eat and can be used as pets and stored in aquariums.
References
-
^ a b McIlwain, J.; Choat, J.H.; Abesamis, R.; Clements, K.D.; Myers, R.; Nanola, C.; Rocha, L.A.; Russell, B.; Stockwell, B. (2012). "Naso lituratus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012: e.T177950A1500256. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T177950A1500256.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
-
^ Miyake, Sou; Ngugi, David Kamanda; Stingl, Ulrich (2015). "Diet strongly influences the gut microbiota of surgeonfishes". Molecular Ecology. 24 (3): 656–672. doi:10.1111/mec.13050. ISSN 1365-294X. PMID 25533191. S2CID 206181801.
-
^ Fishelson, L. (1999-03-01). "Polymorphism in gigantobacterial symbionts in the guts of surgeonfish (Acanthuridae: Teleostei)". Marine Biology. 133 (2): 345–351. doi:10.1007/s002270050473. ISSN 1432-1793. S2CID 84816281.
-
^ Pollak, Peggy E.; Montgomery, W. Linn (1994-08-01). "Giant bacterium (Epulopiscium fishelsoni ) influences digestive enzyme activity of an herbivorous surgeonfish (Acanthurus nigrofuscus)". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology. 108 (4): 657–662. doi:10.1016/0300-9629(94)90352-2. ISSN 0300-9629.
-
^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2008). "Naso lituratus" in FishBase. December 2008 version.
-
^ "Orangespine unicornfish - Naso lituratus". www.aquaticcommunity.com. Retrieved 2022-11-21.
- license
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Wikipedia authors and editors
Naso lituratus: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Naso lituratus is a species of fish in the family Acanthuridae, the tangs and unicornfishes. Its common names include barcheek unicornfish, naso tang, and orange-spine unicornfish.
Unique to members of Acanthuridae, including Naso lituratus, are the Epulopiscium bacteria. These bacteria influence the digestion of Naso lituratus, helping them process the algae in their diet.
Naso lituratus can be found in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. This species can be easily recognised by two bright orange forward-hooked spines on the caudal peduncle (the tail base), its orange lips and black face mask. The body is brownish grey with yellow nape and there is a broad black band on the dorsal fin. It reaches about 45 cm in length.
It can be found on coral reefs, often in pairs.
- license
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Wikipedia authors and editors
Description
provided by World Register of Marine Species
Occurs in areas of coral, rock, or rubble to lagoon and seaward reefs from lower surge zone to a depth of 90 m. Feeds mainly on leafy brown algae (@Sargassum@ and @Dictyota@). The species is very seldom poisonous (Ref. 4795). Pair-spawning has been observed. The Indian Ocean form differs in having a largely orange-yellow dorsal fin and a black band in caudal fin.
Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2023). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (02/2023).
- license
- cc-by-4.0
- copyright
- WoRMS Editorial Board
