Description
provided by eFloras
Trees 10-20 m, nearly evergreen. Branchlets pubescent, glabrescent; buds naked. Leaves 10-25 cm; petiole 3-8 cm; axis glabrous or puberulent; leaflets 5-7(-11); petiolule 5-10 mm; leaflet blade ovate to lanceolate, 2-10(-14) × 1-5 cm (basal pair usually smaller), leathery or thin leathery, adaxially glabrous, abaxially glandular dotted, base blunt to rounded, attenuate to petiolule, or oblique, margin entire, apex obliquely cuspidate to acuminate; primary veins 5 or 6(-10) on each side of midrib, obscure or rarely obvious. Panicles terminal, 10-25 cm, spreading, many flowered; bracts spatulate-linear, 3-10 ùmm, leafy, puberulent at first. Flowers bisexual, appearing after leaves. Pedicel slender, 2-4 mm. Calyx cupular, ca. 1 mm, puberulent or glabrous, subentire to broadly deltate toothed. Corolla white; lobes navicular, ca. 2 mm. Stamens ca. equal to corolla lobes. Samara broadly lanceolate-spatulate, 2.5-3 cm × 4-5 mm; wing decurrent to about middle of nutlet. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Jul-Nov. 2n = 46.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Distribution
provided by eFloras
Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Taiwan [Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Myanmar, Philippines, Vietnam]
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- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Habitat
provided by eFloras
Dry slopes, forest margins, near villages, by rivers; 100-2000 m.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Synonym
provided by eFloras
Fraxinus bracteata Hemsley; F. formosana Hayata; F. guilingensis S. Lee & F. N. Wei; Ligustrum vaniotii H. Léveillé.
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- cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Fraxinus griffithii: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Fraxinus griffithii, the Himalayan ash or evergreen ash is a species of flowering tree. The natural habitat includes the Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam, Myanmar, Taiwan, China, Bangladesh and India. This plant is commonly grown as an ornamental in Australia, where it is an invasive species.
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光蜡树
(
Chinese
)
provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Fraxinus griffithiiC. B. Clarke 光蜡树(学名:Fraxinus griffithii),又名白雞油,为木犀科梣属的植物。分布在孟加拉国、印度、日本、菲律宾、印度尼西亚、台湾以及中国大陆的四川、贵州、广西、湖南、云南、福建、湖北、广东、海南等地,生长于海拔100米至2,000米的地区,常生长在村旁、干燥山坡、林缘或河边,常見獨角仙成蟲吸食光蠟樹的樹液。
俗名
白蠟樹、白雞油、脫皮樹、山苦楝。雞油泛稱材質在刨光後具備光澤質地的樹種,如同上過雞油一般,最早用來指稱櫸木( 榉树Zelkova serrata ),後來因為質地相似搭配色澤不同,因而有了白雞油之稱的光臘樹、紅雞油之稱的榔榆( Ulmus parvifolia )。脫皮樹一名來自其樹皮的雲狀剝落,有如在脫皮一般,因而得名。
在台灣另一種稱呼為白雞油的樹為糙葉樹( Aphananthe aspera )。
形態特徵
莖幹
大型半落葉喬木;小枝圓柱狀,微絨毛。
葉
葉柄1.5至5.5公分長,無毛;革質葉,以5到7、9片小葉形成奇數羽狀複葉,小葉長橢圓或披針倒卵形,約3到6公分長,1到2.5公分寬;葉尖尖銳,葉基楔形;上下葉表皆無毛,惟遠軸面中脈略有微絨毛;約有7到9對側脈。
花
密錐花序,長度大於等於葉序,微絨毛至無毛,苞片橢圓至倒卵形;開白花,花冠四裂;每朵花具兩枚著生於花冠筒上的雄蕊,柱頭二裂;子房上位,兩心皮,每心皮兩胚朱。
果
翅果,披針狀篦形,長約2到3公分,先端鈍或凹狀,成熟時為褐色。
特性
由於質地堅韌緻密,在雕刻、建築、家具等等應用受到歡迎,亦由於其對於土壤與氣候適應力強,形態優美,常作為人造林、行道樹、防風林、校園植物等用途。同時因其樹液受到獨角仙愛好,因此在夏季常可見受到獨角仙啃咬而留下的垂直食痕,除了獨角仙外亦可看到鍬形蟲、蜂類、金龜子等啃咬能力不比獨角仙的昆蟲來分一杯羹。
参考文献
- YANG, Yuen-Po and LU, Sheng-You. 1998. 118. Oleaceae. Flora of Taiwan, second edition (台灣植物誌第二版). 4: 132.
- 昆明植物研究所. 光蜡树. 《中国高等植物数据库全库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2009-02-24]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05).
- 白鸡油 Fraxinus griffithii C. B. Clarke, 1882. 台湾物种名录. 台湾: 中央研究院生物多样性研究中心. [2013-1-24] (繁体中文). 请检查
|access-date=
中的日期值 (帮助) - C. B. Clarke, The Flora of British India 3(9): 605. 1882. (Fl. Brit. Ind.)
光蜡树: Brief Summary
(
Chinese
)
provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
光蜡树(学名:Fraxinus griffithii),又名白雞油,为木犀科梣属的植物。分布在孟加拉国、印度、日本、菲律宾、印度尼西亚、台湾以及中国大陆的四川、贵州、广西、湖南、云南、福建、湖北、广东、海南等地,生长于海拔100米至2,000米的地区,常生长在村旁、干燥山坡、林缘或河边,常見獨角仙成蟲吸食光蠟樹的樹液。
シマトネリコ
(
Japanese
)
provided by wikipedia 日本語