Die Gespikkelde tongvis (Pardachirus marmoratus) is 'n vis wat in die westelike Indiese Oseaan, die Rooisee en aan die ooskus van Afrika vanaf die Persiese Golf tot by Durban voorkom. In Engels staan die vis bekend as die Speckled sole.
Die lyf is lig grondkleurig en die kop, lyf en vinne is bedek met bruin en swart kolletjies. By die basis van die dorsale en anale vinne is twee kliere wat 'n melkerige toksien afskei wat die vis onsmaaklik laat smaak vir roofvisse.
Die vis kom voor in die sanderige gedeeltes van koraalriwwe in water van 1 – 25 m diep.
Die Gespikkelde tongvis (Pardachirus marmoratus) is 'n vis wat in die westelike Indiese Oseaan, die Rooisee en aan die ooskus van Afrika vanaf die Persiese Golf tot by Durban voorkom. In Engels staan die vis bekend as die Speckled sole.
Pardachirus marmoratus és un peix teleosti de la família dels soleids i de l'ordre dels pleuronectiformes[1] que es troba des de les costes del Mar Roig i del Golf Pèrsic fins a Sud-àfrica i Sri Lanka.[2]
Pardachirus marmoratus és un peix teleosti de la família dels soleids i de l'ordre dels pleuronectiformes que es troba des de les costes del Mar Roig i del Golf Pèrsic fins a Sud-àfrica i Sri Lanka.
Pardachirus marmoratus, the finless sole, speckled sole or Red Sea Moses sole,[1] is a specis of flatfish native to the western Indian Ocean.
The adult finless sole is bilaterally symmetrical and as they mature their left eye migrates on to the right side of the head. The highly compressed body is convex on the eyed side and flat on the blind side. The rounded caudal fin is not attached to either the dorsal or cloacal fin. It is variable in colour frequently whitish, pale brown to pale grey with a scattering of irregular dark brown ring shape markings and many dark brown spots on the head, body, and fins. Along the lateral line, there are normally two brown dots containing yellow flecks.[2]
This species occurs in the western Indian Ocean from the Red Sea to Sri Lanka and along the east coast of Africa to Durban.[1] It is found in shallow, coastal waters where the seabed consists of sand or mud,[1] often near coral reefs,[2] and they feed mainly on benthic invertebrates. It is caught for consumption, despite the poison it exudes and is marketed fresh.[1] They often spend the day buried in the sand with only its eyes and nostrils visible.[2]
The finless sole secretes a milky ichthyotoxin[3] from the base of its dorsal and cloacal fins. This secretion contains pardaxin, a lipophillic peptide that causes severe plasma membrane disruption resulting in cell leakage. The pardaxin containing secretion is used as a defensive mechanism against predators including sharks. Pardaxin is irritating to predator fish, particularly affecting the sensitive gills. Eugenie Clark conducted much of the early work on the species.[4]
There is much biotechnological interest in pardaxin, early interest focused on potential shark repellent applications while newer research focuses on antimicrobial and neurotoxic potential of pardaxin and its analogues.[4] One toxin produced, pardaxin-1, does have unusual shark repellent and surfactant properties. It created voltage-dependent, ion-permeable channels in membranes and at high concentration it causes lysis in cell membranes. This toxin has been demonstrated to be 5-10 times more toxic, cytolytic and active in the formation of pores in cell membranes than the other toxin exuded, pardaxin-2.[5]
Mimic Octopuses have been known to mimic them.[6]
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help) Pardachirus marmoratus, the finless sole, speckled sole or Red Sea Moses sole, is a specis of flatfish native to the western Indian Ocean.
Pardachirus marmoratus es una especie de pez de la familia Soleidae en el orden de los Pleuronectiformes.
Se encuentran desde las costas del Mar Rojo y del Golfo Pérsico hasta Sudáfrica y Sri Lanka.[1]
La ictióloga estadounidense Eugenie Clark descubrió, durante una fase de su investigación, que un líquido lechoso secretado al contacto con este pez plano servía como repelente de tiburones. En pruebas realizadas en el océano, se comprobó que los tiburones evitaban comer Pardachirus marmoratus ofrecidos a través de una línea.[2]
Pardachirus marmoratus es una especie de pez de la familia Soleidae en el orden de los Pleuronectiformes.
Pardachirus marmoratus Pardachirus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Soleidae familian sailkatzen da.
Espezie hau Agulhasko itsaslasterran aurki daiteke.
Pardachirus marmoratus Pardachirus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Soleidae familian sailkatzen da.
Pardachirus marmoratus is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van eigenlijke tongen (Soleidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1802 door Lacepède.
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石紋豹鰨為輻鰭魚綱鰈形目鰨亞目鰨科的其中一種，為熱帶海水魚，分布於西印度洋區，從紅海至南非德班及波斯灣至斯里蘭卡海域，棲息深度1-15公尺，體長可達26公分，棲息在沿岸沙泥底質底層水域，以底棲生物為食，生活習性不明，可作為食用魚。
这是一篇關於魚類的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。 石紋豹鰨為輻鰭魚綱鰈形目鰨亞目鰨科的其中一種，為熱帶海水魚，分布於西印度洋區，從紅海至南非德班及波斯灣至斯里蘭卡海域，棲息深度1-15公尺，體長可達26公分，棲息在沿岸沙泥底質底層水域，以底棲生物為食，生活習性不明，可作為食用魚。
