Ocythoe tuberculata, also known as the tuberculate pelagic octopus or football octopus, is a pelagic octopus. It is the only known species in the family Ocythoidae.
Ocythoe tuberculata is found in warm and temperate seas, especially in the Northern Hemisphere, such as the North Pacific Ocean off California.
Ocythoe are one of the few cephalopods to have a swimbladder.[3] In captivity, two specimens were observed controlling their buoyancy and shooting water "forwards, upwards, sideways, and backwards" from the upper channel of the mantle cavity. Ocythoe achieves this by altering the dorso-lateral corners of the mantle opening.[3] The entire swimbladder structure rests on the "visceral mass" and connects to the mantle cavity. It is also innervated and vascular.[3] Juvenile and adult swimbladders exhibit key differences. Juveniles tend to have thicker and "gelatinous" walls with more spherical cells.[3] Adults on the other hand have a less gelatinous appearance and a constitutively open lumen.[3] Dwarf males do not possess swimbladders.[3] Ocythoe is the only cephalopod to possess a proper gas bladder, based on specimens kept in captivity, although the origins of the gas is still an area of research.[3]
Female and male tuberculate pelagic octopuses have distinct morphological differences. Females exhibit a larger dorsal mantle length upon maturity around 300 millimeters, while males only reach a dorsal mantle length of around 30 millimeters.[4] The females are around 1 m (3.3 ft) long when full-grown. The males are considerably smaller, around 10 cm (3.9 in). Males also have a well-developed hectocotylus on the third arm.[4] This structure contains the spermatophores and is dislodged and detached in the mantle of the female during mating and remains for an extended period of time for fertilization.[4]
Young females and mature males have been observed residing inside salps, although little is known about this relationship.
O. tuberculata have been well known for inhabiting mainly northern hemisphere waters, typically in the Mediterranean Sea, as well as the eastern and western parts of the North Atlantic.[4] O. tuberculata has also been found in the northern Pacific waters, with very few individuals found in the southern hemisphere, either in the Indian or Pacific oceans.[4] O. tuberculata has typically been found in warmer waters. There is some speculation that warm ocean currents moving eastward from the Indian Ocean are responsible for the small sample of specimens found in northern pacific waters, but this has yet to be confirmed or denied.[4]
O. tuberculata is a near-surface dwelling pelagic octopus, living between depths of 100 and 200 meters.[4]
Female tuberculate pelagic octopuses are known to have a high fecundity, producing nearly 100,000 eggs. One female specimen caught in May 2003 had a record-breaking 1 million eggs, the most of any Octopoda.[5] Egg size is typically very small, measuring 1.75 mm long and 1.00 mm wide.[4] This has been seen as a trend in other pelagic octopus species. Tuberculate pelagic octopuses is said to be viviparous, meaning their offspring develop with in the body of the parent.[4] However, several different authors dispute exactly how and where this development occurs. The general consensus is the eggs develop in expanded oviducts.[4] Fertilization occurs when the hectocotylus is deposited from the male in the female's mantle cavity.[4]
The diet of Ocythoe is undocumented, however most octopuses are predatory. It is known that open ocean octopuses typically feed on prawns, fish, or other cephalopods.[6]
There are a number of known predators that prey on Ocythoe. These are lancet fishes (Alepisaurus borealis and A. ferox), tunas (Thunnus alalunga, T. thunnus, and Germon germon), and Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus).[4] These predators have a large vertical range, and typically prey on O. tuberculata between 100 and 200 meters.[4]
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Male with attached hectocotylus that has broken free from its sac
Cut-away drawing of the viscera
Details of the hectocotylus
O. tuberculata paralarva
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Ocythoe tuberculata, also known as the tuberculate pelagic octopus or football octopus, is a pelagic octopus. It is the only known species in the family Ocythoidae.
Ocythoe tuberculata is found in warm and temperate seas, especially in the Northern Hemisphere, such as the North Pacific Ocean off California.
La Pieuvre dimorphe (Ocythoe tuberculata) est une espèce d'octopodes. C'est la seule espèce du genre Ocythoe, et de la famille des Ocythoidae.
Mujača (sipanjak; lat. Ocythoe tuberculata), glavonožac iz reda oktopoda, sličan hobotnici, jedini predstavnik porodice Ocythoidae. Od ostalih oktopoda razlikuje se po tome što nema kožu između krakova, a jedinstvena je u svijetu glavonožaca i po tome što rađa žive mlade, a među mekućšcima zato što jedina ima plivaći mjehur.
Crvenkaste je boje, a ime dobiva po velikoj muji (plaštena šupljina). Ženka naraste do jednog metra, a mužjak svega 10cm. U Jadranu nije rijetka. Žive u velikim jatima na pučinama, a susrest se može noću kad plivarice svijetle u dubinu, pa i uz obalu kod lova sa feralom[1]. Hrani se ribom i rakovima a mrijesti u proljeće[2].
Mujaču nazivaju i pečagička hobotnica zato što slobodno pliva u pelagiju.
Mujača (sipanjak; lat. Ocythoe tuberculata), glavonožac iz reda oktopoda, sličan hobotnici, jedini predstavnik porodice Ocythoidae. Od ostalih oktopoda razlikuje se po tome što nema kožu između krakova, a jedinstvena je u svijetu glavonožaca i po tome što rađa žive mlade, a među mekućšcima zato što jedina ima plivaći mjehur.
Crvenkaste je boje, a ime dobiva po velikoj muji (plaštena šupljina). Ženka naraste do jednog metra, a mužjak svega 10cm. U Jadranu nije rijetka. Žive u velikim jatima na pučinama, a susrest se može noću kad plivarice svijetle u dubinu, pa i uz obalu kod lova sa feralom. Hrani se ribom i rakovima a mrijesti u proljeće.
Mujaču nazivaju i pečagička hobotnica zato što slobodno pliva u pelagiju.
Ocythoe tuberculata is een soort in de taxonomische indeling van de inktvissen, een klasse dieren die tot de stam der weekdieren (Mollusca) behoort. De inktvis komt enkel in zout water voor en is in staat om van kleur te veranderen. Hij beweegt zich voort door water in zijn mantel te pompen en het er via de sifon weer krachtig uit te persen. De inktvis is een carnivoor en zijn voedsel bestaat voornamelijk uit vis, krabben, kreeften en weekdieren die ze met de zuignappen op hun grijparmen vangen.
De inktvis komt uit het geslacht Ocythoe en behoort tot de familie Ocythoidae. Ocythoe tuberculata werd in 1814 beschreven door Rafinesque.[1]
Bronnen, noten en/of referentiesOcythoe tuberculata é uma espécie de molusco pertencente à família Ocythoidae.
A autoridade científica da espécie é Rafinesque, tendo sido descrita no ano de 1814.
Trata-se de uma espécie presente no território português, incluindo a zona económica exclusiva.
Ocythoe tuberculata é uma espécie de molusco pertencente à família Ocythoidae.
A autoridade científica da espécie é Rafinesque, tendo sido descrita no ano de 1814.
Trata-se de uma espécie presente no território português, incluindo a zona económica exclusiva.
Ocythoe tuberculata, ayrıca tüberkülat pelajik ahtapot ya da futbol ahtapotu olarak da bilinir, pelajik bir ahtapottur. Ocythoidae familyasında bilinen tek türdür. Ocythoe tuberculata, ılık ve ılıman denizlerde, özellikle California kapalı Kuzey Pasifik Okyanusu gibi Kuzey Yarımküre'de bulunur.
Zooloji ile ilgili bu madde bir taslaktır. Madde içeriğini geliştirerek Vikipedi'ye katkıda bulunabilirsiniz. 快蛸（学名：Ocythoe tuberculata）为快蛸科快蛸属唯一的种。分布于日本群岛南部、新西兰、加里福尼亚、南非、马德拉群岛、亚速尔群岛、地中海、巴哈马群岛、小安的列群岛、罗得岛海域，包括南海等海域，生活环境为海水，常见于大洋上层或表层。该物种的模式产地在大西洋。[1]
这是一篇與软体动物相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。 快蛸（学名：Ocythoe tuberculata）为快蛸科快蛸属唯一的种。分布于日本群岛南部、新西兰、加里福尼亚、南非、马德拉群岛、亚速尔群岛、地中海、巴哈马群岛、小安的列群岛、罗得岛海域，包括南海等海域，生活环境为海水，常见于大洋上层或表层。该物种的模式产地在大西洋。
