Associations
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Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Cistella fugiens is saprobic on dead inflorescence of Juncus inflexus
Remarks: season: 12-10
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, then revealed apothecium of Diplonaevia exigua is saprobic on dead Juncus inflexus
Remarks: season: 4-8
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Hyaloscypha paludosa is saprobic on dead stem of Juncus inflexus
Remarks: season: 6-10
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Lachnum apalum is saprobic on wet, dead Juncus inflexus
Remarks: season: winter
Foodplant / saprobe
very short-stalked apothecium of Lachnum diminutum is saprobic on dead stem of Juncus inflexus
Remarks: season: 5-10
Foodplant / saprobe
sessile apothecium of Mollisia juncina is saprobic on dead Juncus inflexus
Remarks: season: 5-9
Foodplant / saprobe
sessile apothecium of Mollisia palustris is saprobic on dead, rotting stem of Juncus inflexus
Remarks: season: 3-10
Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent apothecium of Niptera melatephra is saprobic on dead stem of Juncus inflexus
Remarks: season: 6-7
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed pseudothecium of Paraphaeosphaeria michotii is saprobic on dead leaf of Juncus inflexus
Remarks: season: 1-7
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed perithecium of Phyllachora therophila is saprobic on Juncus inflexus
Foodplant / parasite
telium of Uromyces junci parasitises live Juncus inflexus
Remarks: season: 7 onwards
Comments
provided by eFloras
A common species of wet places in the hilly parts of Pakistan. It is easily distinguished from the previous species by its leaves not spine-tipped and each individual flower subtended at the base by a pair of short bracteoles.
Some forms of this species have been mistaken for Juncus effusus L. (R.R.Stewart, l.c. 40), a species of N.Temperate zone, India (?) (Sikkim to Khasia) eastwards to Malaysia, Australia and New Zealand. It is distinguished by its obovoid capsules, emarginate at tip, about as long as the perianth, flowers smaller and often only with 3 stamens.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Description
provided by eFloras
Stiffly erect perennial, (20-) 30-60 (-90) cm tall, caespitose or tufted, grey-green, with creeping, somewhat woody rootstock; stem 1-1.5 mm thick above, with interrupted pith. Leaves basal only; sheaths glossy brownish to blackish, broad, blade-less to with blade, 4-10 (-15) cm long, pale, obtuse to acute. Inflorescence seemingly lateral. 2.5-10 cm long, paniculate, with unequal, often forking branches, nodding; lower bract erect, abbreviated to much elongated, looking like the extension of culm, sharply pointed. Flowers (2.5-) 3-4 mm long, greenish; perianth segments lanceolate. subulate pointed, apices unequal, inner shorter. Stamens 6, included; anthers c. as long as the filaments. Capsules ovoid-acuminate, shortly beaked, shining brown, equalling to slightly exceeding the perianth, many-seeded; seeds c. 0.5 mm long, ovoid, brownish hardly appendaged.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Description
provided by eFloras
Herbs, perennial, cespitose, stooling, 4--10 (--12) dm. Rhizomes 3--5 mm diam. Culms terete, 1.5--3 mm diam. Cataphylls several. Leaves: blade absent. Inflorescences many flowered, open, 2--7 cm; primary bract terete, 10--25 cm. Flowers pedicellate; bracteoles ovate; tepals straw-colored to reddish brown, lanceolate, 2.7--3.5 mm, margins scarious; inner series loosely subtending capsule at maturity, shorter; stamens 6, filaments 0.8--1.5 mm, anthers 0.8--1 mm; style 0.3 mm. Capsules reddish brown to chestnut brown, 3-locular, 3-gonous-ovoid to widely ellipsoid, 3--4 mm, exceeding perianth. Seeds amber, obovoid, 0.3--0.5 mm, not tailed. 2n = 20, 38, 40.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Description
provided by eFloras
Plants perennial, tufted. Stems terete, 40--80 cm × 1.2--4 mm; pith interrupted. Cataphylls closely embracing stem, reddish brown to brown, shiny or not, sheathlike, 1--13 cm. Inflorescences pseudolateral, many flowered in small, dense panicles; involucral bract erect, seemingly a continuation of stem, long. Bracteoles 2, broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate. Perianth yellowish green at center; segments narrowly lanceolate, 2.5--3.5 × ca. 1 mm, subequal or outer ones larger than inner, margin thin, transparent, apex acute. Stamens 6, ca. 1/2 as long as perianth; filaments pale reddish brown; anthers ca. 0.7 mm. Ovary 3-loculed. Style shorter than ovary. Capsule yellowish green to chestnut brown, trigonous, ellipsoid, narrowly ovoid, or ovoid-oblong, 3--3.4 mm, subequaling or slightly longer than outer perianth segments, 3-septate, apex obtuse to acuminate, often mucronate. Seeds brown, obliquely ovoid to oblong, ca. 0.6 mm, reticulate. Fl. Jun--Jul, fr. Jul--Sep. 2 n = 38, 40, 42.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Distribution
provided by eFloras
N. Africa, Europe, W. Asia, Himalaya (Kumaun to Assam), Ceylon.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Distribution
provided by eFloras
Distribution: Most of Europe and Asia, N.Africa; introduced elsewhere.
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Distribution
provided by eFloras
Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Jiangsu, Qinghai, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Xinjiang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Kashmir, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia (E Siberia), Sikkim, Sri Lanka; Africa, Europe, North America].
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Elevation Range
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2100-3200 m
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Habitat
provided by eFloras
Flood plains, wet grasslands, marshes, river banks, ditch margins; 1100--2700 m.
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Habitat & Distribution
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Flowering and fruiting summer. Wet soils along streams, ditches, and on wet, sandy and peaty hillsides; introduced; Ont.; Mich., N.Y., Pa., Va.; Europe; Asia; Africa.
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Synonym
provided by eFloras
Juncus glaucus Ehrhart ex Sibthorp
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Synonym
provided by eFloras
Juncus brachytepalus Trautvetter ex V. I. Kreczetowicz & Gontscharow; J. glaucus Ehrhart ex Sibthorp; J. inflexus subsp. austro-occidentalis K. F. Wu; J. inflexus subsp. brachytepalus (Trautvetter ex V. I. Kreczetowicz & Gontscharow) Novikov.
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Juncus inflexus
provided by wikipedia EN
Juncus inflexus, the hard rush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Juncaceae, native to Europe, Asia and Africa, and introduced in Sri Lanka, Java, Île Amsterdam and Île Saint-Paul, Victoria in Australia, New Zealand, Uruguay, and eastern North America.[2][3] It is a glycophyte (non-halophyte).[4]
Description
J. inflexus is a rhizomatous tufted perennial usually growing 0.5 – 1m tall. The rigid glaucous stems are thin and wiry, measuring 1 – 2.5 mm in diameter. They are lined with 15 – 20 distinct vertical ridges and filled with interrupted spongy pith. Stomata are arranged along the stem in 5 – 10 rows.[5]
The basal sheaths are a shiny reddish black.[5]
It blooms from late spring until midsummer, producing loose clusters of very small reddish-brown flowers at the top of some stems. These later ripen into brown short-beaked seed capsules.
Habitat and ecology
Generally common in England and Wales, but rarer in Scotland. It grows in open wet places such as springs, marshes, wet pastures, and damp meadows as well as by rivers, ponds, and lakes. It prefers heavy base-rich or neutral soils consolidated by trampling.[6]
Appears to be tolerant of annual mowing and light to moderate grazing. It is unpalatable to cattle and eaten by rabbits probably only when grazing pressure is high.[6]
Subtaxa
The following subspecies are currently accepted:[2]
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Juncus inflexus subsp. brachytepalus (Trautv. ex V.I.Krecz. & Gontsch.) Novikov
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Juncus inflexus subsp. inflexus
References
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^ Sp. Pl.: 326 (1753)
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^ a b c "Juncus inflexus L." Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
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^ "Juncus inflexus hard rush". The Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
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^ Vaněk, Tomáš; Moťková, Kateřina; Podlipná, Radka (2016). "Accumulation of cadmium by halophytic and non-halophytic Juncus species". Theoretical and Experimental Plant Physiology. 28 (4): 415–423. doi:10.1007/s40626-016-0078-2. S2CID 8363366.
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^ a b Poland J, Clement EJ. 2020. The Vegetative Key to the British Flora. John Poland, Southampton. ISBN 9780956014429
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^ a b Richards PW, Clapham AR. 1941. Juncus inflexus L. (Juncus Glaucus Ehrh.). Journal of Ecology 29(2): 369-374.
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Juncus inflexus: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Juncus inflexus, the hard rush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Juncaceae, native to Europe, Asia and Africa, and introduced in Sri Lanka, Java, Île Amsterdam and Île Saint-Paul, Victoria in Australia, New Zealand, Uruguay, and eastern North America. It is a glycophyte (non-halophyte).
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