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Stenfisk ( Danish )

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Stenfisk (Synanceiidae) er en familie af tropiske, giftige rovfisk hvis fangstmetode er præget af god camouflage. Navnet hentyder således til ligheden med sten. Langsomme svømmere, der foretrækker at lade byttet komme til sig. Synanceia verrusosa tilhører denne familie.

Klassifikation

Familie: Synanceiidae

  • Underfamilie: Minoinae
    • Slægt: Minous
  • Underfamilie: Choridactylinae
    • Slægt: Choridactylus
    • Slægt: Inimicus
  • Underfamilie: Synanceiinae
    • Slægt: Erosa
    • Slægt: Leptosynanceia
    • Slægt: Pseudosynanceia
    • Slægt: Synanceia
    • Slægt: Trachicephalus

Kilde

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Stenfisk: Brief Summary ( Danish )

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Stenfisk (Synanceiidae) er en familie af tropiske, giftige rovfisk hvis fangstmetode er præget af god camouflage. Navnet hentyder således til ligheden med sten. Langsomme svømmere, der foretrækker at lade byttet komme til sig. Synanceia verrusosa tilhører denne familie.

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Synanceiidae ( German )

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 src=
Apistus carinatus
 src=
Gnathanacanthus goetzeei
 src=
Ablabys taenianotus

Die Synanceiidae sind eine Familie von Meeresfischen aus der Unterordnung der Drachenkopfverwandten (Scorpaenoidei), die in tropischen, subtropischen und warm gemäßigten Regionen vom Roten Meer und dem westlichen Indischen Ozean bis in den gemäßigten Südpazifik küstennah in Fels- und Korallenriffen und in Seegraswiesen vorkommt.[1]

Merkmale

Bei den verschiedenen Arten der Synanceiidae handelt es sich in der Regel um kleine bis mittelgroße, gut getarnte Fische, die in den meisten Fällen regungslos auf dem Boden liegend auf Baute lauern. Das bedeutendste diagnostisches Merkmal der Synanceiidae ist ein säbelartiger Knochen an der Lachrimale (Lachrymal Saber / Tränensäbel), den sie als Defensivwaffe einsetzen können. Er wird dazu von seiner Ruheposition an der Unterseite der Lachrimale in eine arretierte Position an die Seite bewegt. Zu den weiteren Merkmalen gehören sechs mit dem Keilbein verbundene Augenringknochen und ein fehlendes Metapterygoid.[1]

Forschungsgeschichte

Die wissenschaftliche Bezeichnung Synanceiidae wurde 1839 durch den britischen Naturwissenschaftler William Swainson eingeführt.[2] Sie galt ursprünglich nur für die Steinfische, während die übrigen Unterfamilien der heutigen Synanceiidae selbständige Familien waren oder teilweise auch den Skorpionfischen (Scorpaenidae) als Unterfamilien zugerechnet wurden.[3] Erst die Entdeckung des Tränensäbels im Jahr 2018 zeigte, dass die verschiedenen über dieses Merkmal verfügenden Fischtaxa nah miteinander verwandt sind. Die Entdecker des Tränensäbel schlugen deshalb vor, die mit dem Tränensäbel ausgestatteten Taxa den Synanceiidae, die ursprünglich nur die Steinfische und Teufelsfische umfassten, als Unterfamilien zuzuordnen.[1] Dies wurde im Januar 2022 in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes, einer Onlinedatenbank zur Fischsystematik, so übernommen.[4]

Unterfamilien

Zu den Synanceiidae gehören über 130 Arten in über 50 Gattungen und insgesamt neun Unterfamilien:[1]

Das folgende Kladogramm zeigt die innere Systematik der Synanceiidae, die basale Stellung der Apistinae und die Polyphylie der Tetraroginae.[1]

Synanceiidae

Wespenfische (Apistinae)



Gymnapistes (Tetraroginae)



Perryeninae



Eschmeyerinae


Gnathanacanthinae




Ablabys (Tetrarogidae)




Samtfische (Aploactininae)


Indianerfische (Pataecinae)



Steinfische (Synanceiinae)




Vorlage:Klade/Wartung/3


Einzelnachweise

  1. a b c d e W. L. Smith, E. Everman, C. Richardson: Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Flatheads, Scorpionfishes, Sea Robins, and Stonefishes (Percomorpha: Scorpaeniformes) and the Evolution of the Lachrymal Saber. In: Copeia. Band 106, Nr. 1, 2018, S. 94–119. doi:10.1643/CG-17-669.
  2. William Swainson: On the natural history and classification of fishes, amphibians, & reptiles, or monocardian animals. Volume II, Spottiswoode & Co., London 1839.
  3. Joseph S. Nelson, Terry C. Grande, Mark V. H. Wilson: Fishes of the World. Wiley, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2016, ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  4. R. Fricke, W. N. Eschmeyer, R. Van der Laan (Hrsg.): Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes Classification. 2021. (calacademy.org)
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Synanceiidae: Brief Summary ( German )

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 src= Apistus carinatus  src= Gnathanacanthus goetzeei  src= Ablabys taenianotus  src= Aploactisoma milesii

Die Synanceiidae sind eine Familie von Meeresfischen aus der Unterordnung der Drachenkopfverwandten (Scorpaenoidei), die in tropischen, subtropischen und warm gemäßigten Regionen vom Roten Meer und dem westlichen Indischen Ozean bis in den gemäßigten Südpazifik küstennah in Fels- und Korallenriffen und in Seegraswiesen vorkommt.

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Fisho petro ( Ido )

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Fisho petro (Synanceia verrucosa) esas noktala karnivora kun venena dorni longa proxim 40 cm qua vivas en tropikala neprofunda aquala maro note lagono.

Ol esas de blanka til violeta koloro ma lua pelo sekrecas muko kaptinta koralio ed algo fragmenti. Ol manjas quick precipua mikra fishi e krustacei.

Lua venoma esas maxim doloriganta. Kuraco esas kun atinga parto en varma aquo.

Extera ligilo

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Fisho petro: Brief Summary ( Ido )

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Fisho petro (Synanceia verrucosa) esas noktala karnivora kun venena dorni longa proxim 40 cm qua vivas en tropikala neprofunda aquala maro note lagono.

Ol esas de blanka til violeta koloro ma lua pelo sekrecas muko kaptinta koralio ed algo fragmenti. Ol manjas quick precipua mikra fishi e krustacei.

Lua venoma esas maxim doloriganta. Kuraco esas kun atinga parto en varma aquo.

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Synanceiinae

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Synanceiinae is a subfamily of venomous ray-finned fishes, waspfishes, which is classified as part of the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes and their relatives. These fishes are found in the Indo-Pacific oceans. They are primarily marine, though some species are known to live in fresh or brackish waters. The various species of this family are known informally as stonefish, stinger, stingfish and ghouls. Its species are known to have the most potent neurotoxins of all the fish venoms, secreted from glands at the base of their needle-like dorsal fin spines. The vernacular name, stonefish, for some of these fishes derives from their behaviour of camouflaging as rocks. The type species of the family is the estuarine stonefish (Synanceia horrida).

Taxonomy

Synanceiinae, or the family Synanceiidae, was first named and recognised as a grouping of related taxa by the English naturalist William John Swainson in 1839.[1] The 5th edition of Fishes of the World treats this grouping as a subfamily within the family Scorpaenidae, dividing the subfamily into the three tribes: Minoini, Choridactylini and Synanceiini.[3] Other authorities differ in their treatment of this grouping, regarding Synanceiidae as a valid family within the suborder Scorpaenoidei which they include in the order Perciformes, treating the tribes as subfamilies.[4] In addition, some authorities, e.g Catalog of Fishes, define the Synanceiidae to include other related taxa not included by Fishes of the World, the Apistinae and Tetraroginae, which Fishes of the World places in the Scorpaenidae; as well as the subfamilies Aploactininae, Eschmeyerinae, Gnathanacanthinae, Pataecinae and Perryeninae which are also included, whereas Fishes of the World treats these as families.[5] The taxon name is based on that of the genus Synanceia, which was described by Bloch & Schneider in 1801, combining syn, meaning "with", and angeíon, which means "cavity", an allusion to the large, cavernous heads of species placed in the genus.[6]

Tribes and genera

The subfamily Synanceiinae is classified into three tribes and nine genera:[3]

Characteristics

Synanceiinae species are characterised by having bodies which are not covered in scales, with the exception of the embedded scales along their lateral lines and on some other areas of the body. The body is covered with glands in the skin. They have large heads. They typically do not have a swim bladder. There are venom glands at the base of the spines in the dorsal fin, the spines acting like hypodermic syringes to inject the venom. The venom is neurotoxic and is among the most toxic of venoms produced by fishes. It has been known to be fatal to humans.[3]

Distribution and habitat

Synanceiinae species are found in the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans, including the Red Sea. They are found in marine, brackish and freshwater habitats.[7]

References

  1. ^ a b Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1. PMID 25543675.
  2. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Synanceia". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
  3. ^ a b c J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 468–475. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  4. ^ Ricardo Betancur-R; Edward O. Wiley; Gloria Arratia; et al. (2017). "Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 17 (162). doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0958-3. PMC 5501477.
  5. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Synanceiidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
  6. ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (31 March 2022). "Order Perciformes (Part 10): Suborder Scorpaenoidei: Families Apistidae, Tetrarogidae, Synanceiidae, Aploacrinidae, Perryenidae, Eschmeyeridae, Pataceidae, Gnathanacanthidae, Congiopodidae and Zanclorhynchidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
  7. ^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2022). "Synanceiidae" in FishBase. February 2022 version.
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Synanceiinae: Brief Summary

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Synanceiinae is a subfamily of venomous ray-finned fishes, waspfishes, which is classified as part of the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes and their relatives. These fishes are found in the Indo-Pacific oceans. They are primarily marine, though some species are known to live in fresh or brackish waters. The various species of this family are known informally as stonefish, stinger, stingfish and ghouls. Its species are known to have the most potent neurotoxins of all the fish venoms, secreted from glands at the base of their needle-like dorsal fin spines. The vernacular name, stonefish, for some of these fishes derives from their behaviour of camouflaging as rocks. The type species of the family is the estuarine stonefish (Synanceia horrida).

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Synanceiidae ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Los synanceíidos son la familia Synanceiidae de peces marinos incluida en el orden Scorpaeniformes, distribuidos por mares, estuarios y ríos de gran parte de las aguas templadas y tropicales del océano Pacífico y océano Índico.[1]​ Su nombre procede del griego syn (juntos, unidos)+ agkos (curvado).[2]

La existencia de esta familia es controvertida, pues según unos autores sí que existe como familia válida,[3]​ pero para ITIS es una subfamilia dentro de la familia Scorpaenidae.[4]

Morfología

Con la morfología típica del orden, pero se caracterizan de otras familias en que en las aletas pectorales no hay radios libres, con glándulas dérmicas en la piel de todas las especies que tiene el aspecto de "verrugas", la aleta dorsal con 11 a 17 espinas y otros tantos radios blandos mientras que en la aleta anal hay 2 a 4 espinas y numerosos radios blandos.[1]

Peligrosidad

Presentan glándulas de veneno hipodérmicas cerca de la base de las espinas de la aleta dorsal; la neurotoxina de estos peces es el más mortal de todos los venenos conocidos de los peces y su picadura puede resultar mortal para los seres humanos.[1]

Hábitat y modo de vida

Son especies demersales que se camuflan como si fueran rocas, para capturar a sus presas al acecho.[1]​ Se distribuyen por aguas de mar principalmente, aunque algunas penetran por los ríos y viven en agua dulce.[1]

Géneros

Según FishBase deben considerarse unas 36 especies agrupadas en los 9 los géneros siguientes:[3]

Referencias

  1. a b c d e Nelson, J.S. (1994). Fishes of the world (en inglés) (3ª edición edición). New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 600 p.
  2. Romero, P. (2002). An etymological dictionary of taxonomy. Madrid: unpublished.
  3. a b "Synanceiidae". En FishBase (Rainer Froese y Daniel Pauly, eds.). Consultada en noviembre de 2015. N.p.: FishBase, 2015.
  4. Sistema Integrado de Información Taxonómica. «Scorpaenidae (TSN 166704)» (en inglés).

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Synanceiidae: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Los synanceíidos son la familia Synanceiidae de peces marinos incluida en el orden Scorpaeniformes, distribuidos por mares, estuarios y ríos de gran parte de las aguas templadas y tropicales del océano Pacífico y océano Índico.​ Su nombre procede del griego syn (juntos, unidos)+ agkos (curvado).​

La existencia de esta familia es controvertida, pues según unos autores sí que existe como familia válida,​ pero para ITIS es una subfamilia dentro de la familia Scorpaenidae.​

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Synanceiidae ( Basque )

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Synanceiidae arrain eskorpeniformeen familietako bat da, Indiako ozeanoan eta Ozeano Barean bizi dena.[1]

Genero tipoa Synanceia (harri arrainak), batzutan Scorpaenidae familian sailkatua dena.[2]

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. Nelson, Joseph S. (2006) Fishes of the World John Wiley & Sons, Inc 232. or. ISBN 0-471-25031-7.
  2. www.fishbase.org


Biologia Artikulu hau biologiari buruzko zirriborroa da. Wikipedia lagun dezakezu edukia osatuz.
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Synanceiidae: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Synanceiidae arrain eskorpeniformeen familietako bat da, Indiako ozeanoan eta Ozeano Barean bizi dena.

Genero tipoa Synanceia (harri arrainak), batzutan Scorpaenidae familian sailkatua dena.

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Velhokalat ( Finnish )

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Velhokalat (Synanceiidae) on simppukaloihin kuuluva heimo. Heimon lajeja tavataan lämpimistä vesistä Intian valtamerestä ja Tyynestämerestä. Toisinaan velhokalojen katsotaan kuuluvaksi skorpionisimppuihin (Scorpaenidae) alaheimona Synanceiinae.[1][2]

Lajit ja anatomia

Velhokalojen heimoon kuuluu 8–9 sukua ja noin 35 lajia. Ruumiinrakenteeltaan ne ovat lyhytruumiisia ja tukevahkoja kaloja. Suurimmat heimo kaloista voivat saavuttaa 60 cm:n pituuden, mutta yleensä lajit jäävät alle 15 cm pitkiksi. Tyypillisiä piirteitä ovat suuri pää ja ylöspäin vino suu, pienet silmät, jotaka sijaitsevat lähellä selkää ja kookkaat rintaevät. Velhokalalajien eväruodot ovat yhteydessä myrkkyrauhaseen, jonka tuottama hermomyrkky voi olla tappavaa myös ihmiselle. Velhokaloilla ei ole suomuja ja monelta lajilta puuttuu uimarakko. Väriltään velhokalat ovat tyypillisesti ruskeankirjavia ja muistuttavat pohjalla oleskellessaan kiviä.[1][2][3][4]

Levinneisyys ja elintavat

Velhokalalajit ovat pääasiassa mereisiä, mutta eräitä lajeja tavataan myös joista. Ne elävät indopasifisen merialueen keskiosissa tyypillisesti matalissa vesissä. Niitä tavataan muun muassa koralliriutoilta ja kaivautuneena pehmeään merenpohjaan.[1][3][4]

Lähteet

  1. a b c Family Synanceiidae (peilipalvelin) FishBase. Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (toim.). Viitattu 27.5.2013. (englanniksi)
  2. a b Nelson, Joseph S.: Fishes of the world, s. 323. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons, 2006. ISBN 978-0-471-25031-9. Kirja Googlen teoshaussa (viitattu 27.05.2013). (englanniksi)
  3. a b Michael Allaby: A dictionary of zoology, s. 522. Oxford University Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0199233410. Kirja Googlen teoshaussa (viitattu 27.05.2013). (englanniksi)
  4. a b Synanceiidae Fishes of Australia. Viitattu 27.05.2013. (englanniksi)
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Velhokalat: Brief Summary ( Finnish )

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Velhokalat (Synanceiidae) on simppukaloihin kuuluva heimo. Heimon lajeja tavataan lämpimistä vesistä Intian valtamerestä ja Tyynestämerestä. Toisinaan velhokalojen katsotaan kuuluvaksi skorpionisimppuihin (Scorpaenidae) alaheimona Synanceiinae.

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Synanceiidae ( French )

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Les Synanceiidae sont une famille de poissons de l'ordre des Scorpaeniformes, comprenant notamment le poisson-pierre.

Systématique

Cette famille n'est pas reconnue par ITIS qui place ces genres dans la famille des Scorpaenidae, mais est reconnue par FishBase et WoRMS.

Description et caractéristiques

Ce sont des poissons redoutablement bien camouflés, souvent parfaitement invisibles sur le substrat adéquat. Ils attendent immobiles qu'une proie passe à proximité pour se jeter dessus à une vitesse impressionnante. Les rayons de leurs nageoires sont extrêmement venimeux, et peuvent être dangereux pour l'Homme[1].

Liste des genres

Selon World Register of Marine Species (13 mai 2014)[2] :

Galerie

Références taxinomiques

Notes et références

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Synanceiidae: Brief Summary ( French )

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Les Synanceiidae sont une famille de poissons de l'ordre des Scorpaeniformes, comprenant notamment le poisson-pierre.

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Synanceiidae ( Italian )

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La famiglia Synanceiidae Kaup, 1873, comprende 36 specie di pesci d'acqua marina, dolce e salmastra appartenenti all'ordine Scorpaeniformes.
Alcune specie sono conosciute comunemente come pesci pietra a causa del loro aspetto mimetico.

Distribuzione e habitat

Queste specie sono presenti nell'oceano Indo-Pacifico. Sono pesci bentonici; la maggior parte delle specie vive su rocciosi. Sono comuni nei pressi delle barriere coralline, anche se alcune specie si sono adattate alla vita nelle acque dolci o salmastre.

Descrizione

I Synanceiidae hanno aspetto variabile, con corpo tozzo o allungato, bocca grande, pinne robuste. Il corpo è spesso ornato da appendici e lobi di pelle di varia forma, a scopo mimetico. La pinna dorsale, le pettorali e la pinna anale sono fornite di forti raggi spinosi. Anche sull'opercolo branchiale sono presenti delle spine. La pinna caudale è spatoliforme e portata su un peduncolo caudale robusto. I raggi spinosi delle pinne e le spine opercolari possiedono ghiandole velenifere.

La livrea è in genere mimetica bruno-rossastra o verdastra, ma in alcune specie sono presenti colori vivaci come giallo o rosso vivo.

Sono pesci piuttosto piccoli, con lunghezze che variano dai 7 ai 25 cm, secondo la specie, con l'eccezione del pesce pietra che raggiunge i 40 cm, e di Synanceia horrida che arriva ai 60 cm di lunghezza.

Alimentazione

Sono predatori: si nutrono di pesci, crostacei e altri invertebrati.

Veleno

Il veleno prodotto da queste specie, una neurotossina, è il più potente e letale tra i pesci velenosi.

Tassonomia

La famiglia è divisa in 3 sottofamiglie:

Taxon Generi Sottofamiglia Choridactylinae
Choridactylus multibarbus Day.png
Choridactylus, Inimicus Sottofamiglia Synanceiinae
Synanceia horrida Day.png
Erosa, Leptosynanceia, Pseudosynanceia, Synanceia, Trachicephalus Sottofamiglia Minoinae
Minous versicolor.jpg
Minous

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Synanceiidae: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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La famiglia Synanceiidae Kaup, 1873, comprende 36 specie di pesci d'acqua marina, dolce e salmastra appartenenti all'ordine Scorpaeniformes.
Alcune specie sono conosciute comunemente come pesci pietra a causa del loro aspetto mimetico.

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Karpuotinės ( Lithuanian )

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Karpuotinės (Synanceiidae) – skorpenžuvių (Scorpaeniformes) būrio žuvų šeima. Paplitusios Indijos ir Ramiajame vandenynuose. Daugiausia jūrinės rūšys, nors kelios gyvena ir upėse. Turi nuodų liaukas.

Šeimoje 9 gentys, 36 rūšys.

Gentys

Nuorodos

Vikiteka

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Karpuotinės: Brief Summary ( Lithuanian )

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Karpuotinės (Synanceiidae) – skorpenžuvių (Scorpaeniformes) būrio žuvų šeima. Paplitusios Indijos ir Ramiajame vandenynuose. Daugiausia jūrinės rūšys, nors kelios gyvena ir upėse. Turi nuodų liaukas.

Šeimoje 9 gentys, 36 rūšys.

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Steenvissen ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Vissen

Steenvissen (Synanceiidae) zijn een familie van straalvinnige vissen uit de orde van Schorpioenvisachtigen (Scorpaeniformes).[1]

Geslachten

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Synanceiidae. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
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Steenvissen: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Steenvissen (Synanceiidae) zijn een familie van straalvinnige vissen uit de orde van Schorpioenvisachtigen (Scorpaeniformes).

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Szkaradnicowate ( Polish )

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Stonefish in Red Sea (with flash).jpg

Szkaradnicowate[potrzebny przypis] (Synanceiidae) - rodzina drapieżnych ryb skorpenokształtnych.

Występowanie: ciepłe i tropikalne wody Oceanu Indyjskiego i Spokojnego, także w Morzu Czerwonym. Rzadko w wodach słodkich i słonawych. Częste w rejonach raf koralowych. Niektóre gatunki spotykane w akwarystyce morskiej.

Polują na ryby i skorupiaki, czatując wśród skał lub zagrzebane w dnie. Potrafią się świetnie kamuflować (mimetyzm). Mogą być niebezpieczne dla człowieka.[potrzebny przypis]

Klasyfikacja

Rodzaje zaliczane do tej rodziny [1] są zgrupowane w podrodzinach Choridactylinae, Minoinae, Synanceiinae, :

ChoridactylusDampierosaErosaInimicusLeptosynanceiaMinousPseudosynanceiaSynanceiaTrachicephalus

Klasyfikacja biologiczna rodziny nie jest ustalona. Niektórzy systematycy zaliczają wymienione rodzaje do rodziny skorpenowatych (Scorpaenidae).[potrzebny przypis]

Przypisy

  1. Eschmeyer, W. N. & Fricke, R.: Catalog of Fishes electronic version (7 August 2012) (ang.). California Academy of Sciences. [dostęp 17 sierpnia 2012].

Linki zewnętrzne

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Szkaradnicowate: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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Stonefish in Red Sea (with flash).jpg

Szkaradnicowate[potrzebny przypis] (Synanceiidae) - rodzina drapieżnych ryb skorpenokształtnych.

Występowanie: ciepłe i tropikalne wody Oceanu Indyjskiego i Spokojnego, także w Morzu Czerwonym. Rzadko w wodach słodkich i słonawych. Częste w rejonach raf koralowych. Niektóre gatunki spotykane w akwarystyce morskiej.

Polują na ryby i skorupiaki, czatując wśród skał lub zagrzebane w dnie. Potrafią się świetnie kamuflować (mimetyzm). Mogą być niebezpieczne dla człowieka.[potrzebny przypis]

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Họ Cá đá ( Vietnamese )

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Họ Cá đá, tên khoa học Synanceiidae, là một họ của bộ Cá mù làn (Scorpaeniformes), được tìm thấy tại Ấn Độ-Thái Bình Dương. Chúng chủ yếu là cá biển, mặc dù một số loài được biết là sống ở vùng nước ngọt hoặc nước lợ. Các loài khác nhau của họ này được gọi không chính thức như cá đá. Chi nổi bật nhất của họ là Synanceia Bloch & Schneider, mà đôi khi được đặt trong họ Scorpaenidae. Loài điển hình của họ này là Synanceia verrucosa. họ cá đá còn có thể gọi là ca mặt quỷ

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết Lớp Cá vây tia này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Họ Cá đá: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Họ Cá đá, tên khoa học Synanceiidae, là một họ của bộ Cá mù làn (Scorpaeniformes), được tìm thấy tại Ấn Độ-Thái Bình Dương. Chúng chủ yếu là cá biển, mặc dù một số loài được biết là sống ở vùng nước ngọt hoặc nước lợ. Các loài khác nhau của họ này được gọi không chính thức như cá đá. Chi nổi bật nhất của họ là Synanceia Bloch & Schneider, mà đôi khi được đặt trong họ Scorpaenidae. Loài điển hình của họ này là Synanceia verrucosa. họ cá đá còn có thể gọi là ca mặt quỷ

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毒鮋科 ( Chinese )

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見內文

毒鮋科(学名:Synanceiidae)是輻鰭魚綱鮋形目的一個科,只在印度洋太平洋發現。毒鮋科品種大多數生活在海洋,但亦有少數在淡水或鹹淡水交界處生活。日常俗稱「石頭魚」的魚類,大多數都被歸入本科。

毒鮋科的主要成員是毒鮋屬Synanceia Bloch & Schneider)。毒鮋科獨立成科以前,其物種均被劃歸鮋科。牠的品種在眾多有毒魚類中,其毒液所含有的神經毒素是最強的,因此毒鮋屬(石頭魚)是世界上最毒的魚類。其毒液透過其針似的背鰭底部的腺體分泌,再通過其背鰭注射進動物的體內。一般來說,毒鮋科生物的背鰭有13支刺[1]。由於毒鮋科生物善於偽裝,夜行性,又時常扮成海床上的石頭,所以除了日本鬼鮋以外,其他毒鮋科的物種亦有時被稱為「石頭魚」。

毒鮋科的模式種是Synanceia verrucosa

分類

以下為其物種:

多指鮋屬(Choridactylus)

丹氏鮋屬(Dampierosa)

獅頭毒鮋屬(Erosa

鬼鮋屬(Inimicus

小毒鮋屬(Leptosynanceia)

虎鮋屬(Minous

擬毒鮋屬(Pseudosynanceia)

毒鮋屬(Synanceia

粗頭鮋屬(Trachicephalus)

經濟利用

過往毒鮋屬的品種均屬非食用魚,無任何經濟利用。不過到了1990年代,有香港的酒家成功去除魚背的毒刺後,發覺魚肉的肉質鮮美,因此把牠們搬到食桌上。

參考資料

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毒鮋科: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

毒鮋科(学名:Synanceiidae)是輻鰭魚綱鮋形目的一個科,只在印度洋太平洋發現。毒鮋科品種大多數生活在海洋,但亦有少數在淡水或鹹淡水交界處生活。日常俗稱「石頭魚」的魚類,大多數都被歸入本科。

毒鮋科的主要成員是毒鮋屬(Synanceia Bloch & Schneider)。毒鮋科獨立成科以前,其物種均被劃歸鮋科。牠的品種在眾多有毒魚類中,其毒液所含有的神經毒素是最強的,因此毒鮋屬(石頭魚)是世界上最毒的魚類。其毒液透過其針似的背鰭底部的腺體分泌,再通過其背鰭注射進動物的體內。一般來說,毒鮋科生物的背鰭有13支刺。由於毒鮋科生物善於偽裝,夜行性,又時常扮成海床上的石頭,所以除了日本鬼鮋以外,其他毒鮋科的物種亦有時被稱為「石頭魚」。

毒鮋科的模式種是Synanceia verrucosa。

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オニオコゼ科 ( Japanese )

provided by wikipedia 日本語
オニオコゼ科 Stone Fish at AQWA SMC2006.jpg
オニダルマオコゼ Synanceia verrucosa
分類 : 動物界 Animalia : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata : 条鰭綱 Actinopterygii : カサゴ目 Scorpaeniformes : オニオコゼ科 Synanceiidae 学名 Synanceiidae
Kaup, 1873 属[1] 本文参照

オニオコゼ科学名Synanceiidae)は、カサゴ目に所属する魚類の分類群の一つ。8属35種で構成される。オニオコゼ亜科 Synanceinae として分類されることもある。[2][3]

[編集]

出典・脚注[編集]

  1. ^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2012). "Synanceiidae" in FishBase. December 2012 version.
  2. ^ 『日本の海水魚』 pp.210-213
  3. ^ Inimicus japonicus”. FishBase. ^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2012). Species of Choridactylus in FishBase. December 2012 version.
  4. ^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2012). Species of Erosa in FishBase. December 2012 version.
  5. ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2012). "Leptosynanceia asteroblepa" in FishBase. December 2012 version.
  6. ^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2012). Species of Minous in FishBase. December 2012 version.
  7. ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2012). "Pseudosynanceia melanostigma" in FishBase. December 2012 version.
  8. ^ Synanceia, ITIS, http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=167077 2008年12月28日閲覧。
  9. ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2012). "Trachicephalus uranoscopus" in FishBase. December 2012 version.
執筆の途中です この項目は、魚類に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めていますPortal:生き物と自然/プロジェクト:生物)。
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オニオコゼ科: Brief Summary ( Japanese )

provided by wikipedia 日本語

オニオコゼ科(学名Synanceiidae)は、カサゴ目に所属する魚類の分類群の一つ。8属35種で構成される。オニオコゼ亜科 Synanceinae として分類されることもある。

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쑤기미과 ( Korean )

provided by wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

쑤기미과(Synanceiidae)는 페르카목에 속하는 조기어류 과의 하나이다.[1] 인도 태평양의 대양에서 발견된다. 주로 해양 종이지만 일부 종은 민물과 기수 지역에서 서식하는 것으로 알려져 있다.

하위 분류

계통 분류

다음은 스미스(Smith) 등의 연구에 기초한 계통 분류이다.[1]

     

불미역치과

   

둑중개아목

    양볼락아목    

양태과

     

가시양태과

   

양성대과

         

빨간양태과

     

쑤기미과

       

네오세바스테스과

   

플렉트로게니움과

     

양볼락과

           

다음은 스미스(Smith) 등의 연구에 기초한 계통 분류이다.[1]

쑤기미과

벌감펭아과

     

Gymnapistes

     

페리아나아과

     

에스크메이에르아과

   

그나타나칸투스아과

       

Ablabys

       

풀미역치아과

   

파타이쿠스아과

     

쑤기미아과

           

각주

  1. Smith, WL, Everman, E. & Richardson, C. (2018): Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Flatheads, Scorpionfishes, Sea Robins, and Stonefishes (Percomorpha: Scorpaeniformes) and the Evolution of the Lachrymal Saber. Copeia 106 (1): 94-119. 2018 doi: 10.1643 / CG-17-669
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